@article {1791156,
	title = {Zero-Sum Thinking, the Evolution of Effort-Suppressing Beliefs, and Economic Development},
	journal = {NBER},
	year = {Working Paper},
	url = {https://www.nber.org/papers/w31663},
	author = {Jean-Paul Carvalho and Augustin Bergeron and Henrich, Joseph and Nunn, Nathan and Jonathan L. Weigel}
}
@article {1761006,
	title = {Which Humans?},
	year = {Working Paper},
	url = {https://psyarxiv.com/5b26t},
	author = {Mohammad Atari and Mona J. Xue and Park, Peter S. and Blasi, Dami{\'a}n E. and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {1731906,
	title = {Surname Diversity, Social Ties and Innovation},
	year = {Working Paper},
	url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4531209},
	author = {Max Posch and Jonathan Schulz and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {1650728,
	title = {Kin-based institutions and economic development},
	year = {Working Paper},
	url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4200629},
	author = {Duman Bahrami-Rad and Jonathan Beauchamp and Henrich, Joseph and Jonathan Schulz}
}
@booklet {blasi_linguistic_2021,
	title = {Linguistic fairness in the U.S.: The case of multilingual public health information about COVID-19},
	year = {Working Paper},
	publisher = {Public and Global Health},
	type = {preprint},
	abstract = {Lack of high-quality multilingual resources can contribute to disparities in the availability of medical and public health information. The COVID-19 pandemic has required rapid dissemination of essential guidance to diverse audiences and therefore provides an ideal context in which to study linguistic fairness in the U.S. Here we report a cross-sectional study of official non-English information about COVID-19 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administration, and the health departments of all 50 U.S. states. We find that multilingual information is limited in many states, such that almost half of all individuals not proficient in English or Spanish lack access to state-specific COVID-19 guidance in their primary language. Although Spanish-language information is widely available, we show using automated readability formulas that most materials do not follow standard recommendations for clear communication in medicine and public health. In combination, our results provide a snapshot of linguistic unfairness across the U.S. and highlight an urgent need for the creation of plain language, multilingual resources about COVID-19.},
	doi = {10.1101/2021.09.27.21264211},
	url = {http://medrxiv.org/lookup/doi/10.1101/2021.09.27.21264211},
	author = {Blasi, Dami{\'a}n E. and Mishra, Vishala and Garc{\'\i}a, Adolfo M. and Dexter, Joseph P.}
}
@article {1813681,
	title = {The Cultural Evolution of Games of Chance {\textendash} a historical investigation of Chinese gambling},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	year = {Forthcoming},
	author = {Hong, Ze}
}
@article {1813676,
	title = {Instrumentality, Empiricism, and Rationality in Nuosu Divination},
	journal = {Religion, Brain \& Behavior},
	year = {Forthcoming},
	author = {Hong, Ze and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {1791161,
	title = {Beyond Newton: Why Assumptions of Universality are Critical to Cognitive Science, and How to Finally Move Past Them},
	journal = {Psychological Bulletin},
	year = {Forthcoming},
	url = {https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/a4qx3},
	author = {Ivan Kroupin and Davis, Helen E. and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@book {715326,
	title = {The Evolution of Religion and Morality: Volume I},
	year = {2024},
	publisher = {Taylor \& Francis.},
	organization = {Taylor \& Francis.},
	url = {https://www.routledge.com/The-Evolution-of-Religion-and-Morality-Volume-I/Purzycki-Henrich-Norenzayan/p/book/9781032624037},
	editor = {Purzycki, B. G and Henrich, J. and Norenzayan, A.}
}
@book {715326,
	title = {The Evolution of Religion and Morality: Volume II},
	year = {2024},
	publisher = {Taylor \& Francis.},
	organization = {Taylor \& Francis.},
	url = {https://www.routledge.com/The-Evolution-of-Religion-and-Morality-Volume-II/Lang-Purzycki-Henrich-Norenzayan/p/book/9781032624075},
	editor = {Lang, Martin and Purzycki, B. G and Henrich, J. and Norenzayan, A.}
}
@article {715321,
	title = {Microbial transmission in the social microbiome and host health and disease},
	journal = {Cell},
	volume = {187},
	year = {2024},
	month = {4 Jan, 2024},
	pages = {17-43},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0092867423013466},
	author = {Sarkar, A. and McInroy, C. J. A. and Harty, S. and Raulo, A. and Ibata, N. G. O. and Valles-Colomer, M. and Johnson K. V.-A. and Brito, I. L. and Henrich, J. and Archie, E. A. and Barreiro, L. B. and Gazzaniga, F. S. and Finlay, B. B. and Koonin, E. V. and Carmody, R. N. and Moeller, A. H.}
}
@article {1783346,
	title = {The Moderating Role of Culture in the Generalizability of Psychological Phenomena},
	journal = {Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science},
	volume = {7},
	number = {1},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/25152459231225163},
	author = {Robin Schimmelpfennig and Spicer, Rachel and Cindel J. M. White and Gervais, Will and Norenzayan, Ara and Steven Heine and Henrich, Joseph and Muthukrishna, Michael}
}
@article {Hong,
	title = {Magic and empiricism in early Chinese rainmaking},
	journal = {Current Anthropology},
	volume = {65},
	number = {2},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/epdf/10.1086/729118},
	author = {Hong, Ze and Slingerland, Edward and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {1779766,
	title = {Machine culture},
	journal = {Nature Human Behavior},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-023-01742-2},
	author = {Brinkmann, L. and Baumann, F. and Bonnefon, J. and Derex, M. and M{\"u}ller, T. F. and Nussberger, A. and Czaplicka, A. and Acerbi, A. and Griffiths, T. L. and Henrich, Joseph and Joel Z. Leibo and McElreath, Richard and Pierre-Yves Oudeyer and Jonathan Stray and Iyad Rahwan}
}
@article {1755071,
	title = {Evolving payoff currencies through the construction of causal theories},
	journal = {American Anthropologist},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://anthrosource.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aman.13926},
	author = {Hong, Ze and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {1697961,
	title = {How Culture Made Us Uniquely Human},
	journal = {Zygon},
	volume = {58},
	number = {2},
	year = {2023},
	pages = {405-424},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {1697956,
	title = {Introduction To Symposium On {\textquotedblleft}Just How Special Are Humans?{\textquotedblright}},
	journal = {Zygon},
	volume = {58},
	number = {2},
	year = {2023},
	pages = {378-383},
	author = {Eric Priest and Henrich, Joseph and Celia Deane-Drummond, and Mary Ann Meyers}
}
@article {1685496,
	title = {The Cultural Evolution of Medical Technologies: A Model of Sequential Treatments in the Medical Setting},
	volume = {34},
	number = {1},
	year = {2023},
	pages = {64-87},
	author = {Hong, Ze}
}
@article {1660702,
	title = {The Evolution of Inclusive Folk Biological Labels and the Cultural Maintenance of Meaning},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	year = {2023},
	author = {Hong, Ze}
}
@article {1657171,
	title = {The Psychology and Social Dynamics of Fetal Sex Prognostication in China: Evidence from Historical Data},
	journal = {American Anthropologist},
	year = {2023},
	author = {Hong, Ze and Sergey Zinin}
}
@article {1645783,
	title = {What makes us smart?},
	journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science},
	year = {2023},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Muthukrishna, Michael}
}
@article {1645760,
	title = {Historical Psychology},
	journal = {Current Directions in Psychological Science},
	year = {2023},
	pages = {1-8},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221149737},
	author = {Mohammad Atari and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {Bendixen2021-gs,
	title = {Appealing to the minds of gods: Religious beliefs and appeals correspond to features of local social ecologies},
	journal = {Religion, Brain \& Behavior },
	year = {2023},
	abstract = {While appeals to gods and spirits are ubiquitous throughout human societies past and present, deities{\textquoteright} postulated concerns vary across populations. How does the content of beliefs about and appeals to gods vary across groups, and what accounts for this variation? With particular emphasis on locally important deities, we develop a novel cultural evolutionary account that includes a set of predictive criteria for what deities will be associated with in various socioecological contexts. We then apply these criteria in an analysis of individual-level ethnographic free-list data on what pleases and angers locally relevant deities from eight diverse societies. We conclude with a discussion of how alternative approaches to cross-cultural variation in god beliefs and appeals fare against our findings and close by considering some key implications of our methods and findings for the cognitive and evolutionary study of religion.},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/2153599X.2023.2178487},
	author = {Bendixen, Theiss and Apicella, Coren Lee and Quentin Atkinson and Emma Cohen and Henrich, Joseph and McNamara, Rita Anne and Norenzayan, Ara and Willard, Aiyana Koka and Dimitris Xygalatas and Benjamin Grant Purzycki}
}
@article {1653236,
	title = {Over-reliance on English hinders cognitive science},
	journal = {Trends in Cognitive Sciences},
	volume = {26},
	number = {12},
	year = {2022},
	url = {https://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/fulltext/S1364-6613(22)00236-4?rss=yes},
	author = {Blasi, Dami{\'a}n E. and Henrich, Joseph and Evangelia Adamou and David Kemmerer and Asifa Majid}
}
@article {1652146,
	title = {Cultural evolution may influence heritability by shaping assortative mating},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {e181},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X21001801},
	author = {Tian Chen Zeng and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {1650004,
	title = {Mothers{\textquoteright} experience of social change and individualistic parenting goals over two generations in urban China},
	journal = {Frontiers in Cultural Psychology},
	year = {2022},
	author = {Q. Bian and Chen, Y. and P. M. Greenfield and Q. Yuan}
}
@article {1650003,
	title = {Why do many parents expect more help from their children during COVID-19? A qualitative follow-up to quantitative survey data},
	journal = {Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {100052},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cresp.2022.100052},
	author = {Angel He and Patricia. M. Greefield and Amy Akiba and Brown, Genavee}
}
@article {1650002,
	title = {Cultural values (mismatch) in two U.S. elementary school classrooms: Examining the impact of cultural theory on teaching practice.},
	journal = {School Community Journal},
	volume = {32},
	number = {2},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022},
	pages = {32},
	author = {A. R. Issac and E. Trumbull and P. M. Greenfield}
}
@article {1646399,
	title = {Combining Conformist and Payoff Bias in Cultural Evolution: An Integrated Model for Human Decision Making},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022},
	pages = {463-484},
	author = {Hong, Ze}
}
@article {1646398,
	title = {Ghost, Divination, and Magic among the Nuosu: An Ethnographic Examination from Cognitive and Cultural Evolutionary Perspectives},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	volume = {33},
	number = {4},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {349-379},
	author = {Hong, Ze}
}
@article {1645785,
	title = {The ritual stance does not apply to magic in general},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {e258},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences/article/abs/ritual-stance-does-not-apply-to-magic-in-general/DC0D52081654B833B40DDC7CE6FC9355},
	author = {Hong, Ze}
}
@article {1630018,
	title = {A Cultural Species and its Cognitive Phenotypes: Implications for Philosophy},
	journal = {Review of Philosophy and Psychology},
	year = {2022},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-021-00612-y},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Blasi, Dami{\'a}n E. and Cameron M. Curtin and Davis, Helen Elizabeth and Hong, Ze and Kelly, Daniel and Ivan Kroupin}
}
@article {686565,
	title = {Cognitive bugs, alternative models, and new data},
	journal = {Religion, Brain \& Behavior},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {42-58},
	url = { https://doi.org/10.1080/2153599X.2021.1991462},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {1628538,
	title = {Dream Interpretation from a Cognitive and Cultural Evolutionary Perspective: The Case of Oneiromancy in Traditional China},
	journal = {Cognitive Science},
	volume = {46},
	number = {1},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {e13088},
	abstract = {Why did people across the world and throughout history believe that dreams can foretell what will occur in the future? In this paper, I attempt to answer this question within a cultural evolutionary framework by emphasizing the cognitive aspect of dream interpretation; namely, the fact that dreams were often viewed as significant and interpretable has to do with various psychological and social factors that influence how people obtain and process information regarding the validity of dream interpretation as a technique. Through a comprehensive analysis of a large dataset of dream occurrences in the official Chinese historical records, I argue that the ubiquity and persistence of dream interpretation have a strong empirical component (predictively accurate dream cases), which is particularly vulnerable to transmission errors and biases. The overwhelmingly successful records of dream prediction in transmitted texts, I suggest, is largely due to the fabrication and retrospective inference of past dreams, as well as the under-reporting of predictive failures. These {\textquotedblleft}positive data{\textquotedblright} then reinforce individuals{\textquoteright} confidence in the predictive power of dreams. I finally show a potential decline of the popularity of dream interpretation in traditional China and offer a few suggestive explanations drawing on the unique characteristics of oneiromancy compared to other divination techniques.},
	url = {http://www.doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13088},
	author = {Hong, Ze}
}
@article {1627983,
	title = {Cooperation in alternating interactions with memory constraints},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {13},
	number = {737},
	year = {2022},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28336-2},
	author = {Park, Peter S. and Martin A. Nowak and Christian Hilbe.}
}
@article {685694,
	title = {The Evolution of Religion and Morality Project: Reflections and Looking Ahead},
	journal = {Religion, Brain \& Behavior},
	volume = {12},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {190-211},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/2153599X.2021.2021546},
	author = {Benjamin Grant Purzycki and Lang, Martin and Henrich, Joseph and Norenzayan, Ara}
}
@article {685693,
	title = {Guiding the Evolution of the Evolutionary Sciences of Religion: A Discussion},
	journal = {Religion, Brain \& Behavior},
	volume = {12},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {226-232},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/2153599X.2021.2021552},
	author = {Benjamin Grant Purzycki and Lang, Martin and Henrich, Joseph and Norenzayan, Ara}
}
@article {685668,
	title = {The religiosity gender gap in 14 diverse societies},
	journal = {Religion, Brain \& Behavior},
	volume = {12},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {18-37},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/2153599X.2021.2006292},
	author = {Vardy, T. and Moya, C. and Placek, C. and C. D. Apicella and Bolyanatz, A. and Cohen, E. and Handley, C. and Kundtov{\'a} Klocov{\'a}, E. and Lesorogol, C. and Mathew, S. and McNamara, R. A. and Purzycki, B. G. and Soler, M. and Weigel, J. and Willard, A. K. and Xygalatas, D. and Norenzayan, A. and Henrich, J. and Lang, M. and Atkinson, Q. D.}
}
@article {1621197,
	title = {Culture is Reducing Genetic Heritability and Superseding Genetic Adaptation},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {e179},
	url = {https://www.doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X21001667},
	author = {Timothy M. Waring and Zachary T. Wood and Mona J. Xue}
}
@article {park_evolution_2020,
	title = {The Evolution of Cognitive Biases in Human Learning},
	journal = {Journal of Theoretical Biology},
	volume = {541},
	number = {111031},
	year = {2022},
	abstract = {e propose that humans may not meaningfully retain high-variance environmental feedback, a behavior that likely evolved in a past environment with unfavorable fitness tradeoffs from overcommitting attention. We argue that in such settings, humans instead rely on an innate estimate of future payoffs optimized for their evolutionary past of cultural learning: learning from knowledge taught by fellow group members, rather than from the environmental feedback itself. A veridical decision-theoretic model of this evolutionary past can help explain several puzzles of human behavior: (a) the hard-easy effect, the overconfidence (respectively, underconfidence) of one{\textquoteright}s estimate of her ability in a difficult task (respectively, easy task); (b) underinference, the persistence of the aforementioned flawed belief in the face of evidence to the contrary; (c) the non-monotonicity of confidence with respect to the level of experience; (d) persistent vulnerability to charlatans; and (e) the situational effectiveness of marginal educational interventions. This finding corroborates the thesis [1, 2] that dual inheritance theory is an ideal candidate to be a cumulative theoretical framework for the psychological sciences. Our evolutionary theory and its predictions also have foundational policy implications, particularly for education.},
	issn = {1556-5068},
	doi = {10.2139/ssrn.3754499},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111031},
	author = {Park, Peter S.}
}
@article {1616138,
	title = {Dominance in Humans},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B},
	volume = {377},
	number = {1845},
	year = {2022},
	abstract = {Dominance is the aspect of social hierarchy that arises from agonistic interactions involving actual aggression or threats and intimidation. Accumulating evidence points to its importance in humans and its separation from prestige--an alternate mechanism in which status arises from competence or benefit-generation ability. In this review, we first provide an overview of the theoretical underpinnings of dominance as a concept, as well as some complications regarding the application of this concept to humans, which often shade into arguments that minimise its importance as a determinant of social influence in our species. We then review empirical evidence for its continued importance in human groups, including the effects of dominance rank on measurable outcomes such as social influence and reproductive fitness (independently of prestige), evidence for a specialized dominance psychology, and evidence for gender-specific effects. Finally, because human-specific factors such as norms and coalitions may place bounds on purely coercive status-attainment strategies, we end by considering key situations and contexts that increase the likelihood for dominance status to coexist alongside prestige status within the same individual, including how: 1) institutional power and authority tend to elicit dominance; 2) dominance-enhancing traits can at times generate benefits for others (prestige), and 3) certain dominance cues and ethology may lead to mis-attributions of prestige.},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0451},
	author = {Tian Chen Zeng and Joey T. Cheng and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {Baimel,
	title = {Material insecurity predicts greater commitment to moralistic and less commitment to local deities: A cross-cultural investigation},
	journal = {Religion, Brain \& Behavior},
	volume = {12},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {4-17},
	abstract = {The existential security hypothesis predicts that in the absence of more successful secular institutions, people will be attracted to religion when they are materially insecure. Most assessments, however, employ data sampled at a state-level with a focus on world religions. Using individual-level data collected in societies of varied community sizes with diverse religious traditions including animism, shamanism, polytheism, and monotheism, we conducted a systematic cross-cultural test (N = 1820; 14 societies) of the relationship between material insecurity (indexed by food insecurity) and religious commitment (indexed by both beliefs and practices). Moreover, we examined the relationship between material security and individuals{\textquoteright} commitment to two types of deities (moralistic and local), thus providing the first simultaneous test of the existential security hypothesis across co-existing traditions. Our results indicate that while material insecurity is associated with greater commitment to moralistic deities, it predicts less commitment to local deity traditions.},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/2153599X.2021.2006287 },
	author = {Baimel, A. and Apicella, C. L. and Atkinson, Q. and Bolyanatz, A. and Cohen, E. and Handley, C. and Henrich, J. and Kundtov{\'a} Klocov{\'a}, E. and Lang, M. and Lesogorol, C. and Mathew, S. and McNamara, R. A. and Moya, C. and Norenzayan, A. and Placek, C. and Soler, M. and Vardy, T. and Weigel, J. and Willard, A. K. and Xygalatas, D. and Purzycki, B. G.}
}
@article {Purzycki,
	title = {The Moralization Bias of Gods{\textquoteright} Minds: A Cross-Cultural Test},
	journal = {Religion, Brain \& Behavior},
	volume = {12},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {38-60},
	abstract = {
	There are compelling reasons to expect that cognitively representing any active, powerful deity motivates cooperative behavior. One mechanism underlying this association could be a cognitive bias toward generally attributing moral concern to anthropomorphic agents. If humans cognitively represent the minds of deities and humans in the same way, and if human agents are generally conceptualized as having moral concern, a broad tendency to attribute moral concern{\textemdash}a {\textquotedblleft}moralization bias{\textquotedblright}{\textemdash}to supernatural deities follows. Using data from 2,228 individuals in 15 different field sites, we test for the existence of such a bias. We find that people are indeed more likely than chance to indicate that local deities are concerned with punishing theft, murder, and deceit. This effect is stable even after holding constant the effects of beliefs about explicitly moralistic deities. Additionally, we take a close look at data collected among Hadza foragers and find two of their deities to be morally interested. There is no evidence to suggest that this effect is due to direct missionary contact. We posit that the {\textquotedblleft}moralization bias of gods{\textquoteright} minds{\textquotedblright} is part of a widespread but variable religious phenotype, and a candidate mechanism that contributes to the well-recognized association between religion and cooperation.

},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/2153599X.2021.2006291},
	author = {Benjamin Grant Purzycki and Aiyana K. Willard and Klocov{\'a}, Eva Kundtov{\'a} and Coren Apicella and Quentin Atkinson and Bolyanatz, Alexander and Emma Cohen and Handley, Carla and Henrich, Joseph and Lang, Martin and Lesorogol, Carolyn and Mathew, Sarah and McNamara, Rita A. and Cristina Moya and Norenzayan, Ara and Placek, Caitlyn and Soler, Montserrat and Vardy, Tom and Weigel, Jonathan and Dimitris Xygalatas and Ross, Cody T.}
}
@article {1650001,
	title = {The influence of social class on family participationin children{\textquoteright}s education: A case study (La influencia de la clase social sobre laparticipaci{\'o}n familiar en la educaci{\'o}n de los ni{\~n}os: Un estudio de caso)},
	journal = {Revista Colombiana de Psicolog{\'\i}a},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {133-147},
	url = {https://doi. org/10.15446/rcp.v30n1.89185},
	author = {S. R. Vazquez and P. M. Greenfield}
}
@article {1650000,
	title = {The impact of screen-free zones in an undergraduate psychology classroom: Assessing exam performance and instructor evaluations in two quasi-experiments.},
	journal = {Teaching of Psychology},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/00986283211017443},
	author = {L. Rhinehart and S. Vazquez and P. M. Greenfield}
}
@article {1621328,
	title = {A Cognitive Account of Manipulative Sympathetic Magic},
	journal = {Religion, Brain \& Behavior},
	year = {2021},
	month = {2022},
	abstract = {
	Frazer{\textquoteright}s theory of sympathetic magic has been extremely influential in both anthropology and comparative religion, yet the manipulative aspect has not been adequately theorized. In this paper, I formalize sympathetic magical action and offer a naturalistic explanation of manipulative sympathetic magic by attributing it to a combination of environmental regularities (i.e., things that are similar and/or physically proximate tend to co-vary) and human causal cognition (i.e., the tendency to mistake correlation as causation), and supply ample ethnographic and historical evidence for my arguments. In doing so I also specify the variables involved and re-classify sympathetic magic into four distinct types for analytic convenience.

},
	url = { https://doi.org/10.1080/2153599X.2021.2006294},
	author = {Hong, Ze}
}
@article {greenfield_shifts_2021,
	title = {Shifts in ecology, behavior, values, and relationships during the coronavirus pandemic: Survival threat, subsistence activities, conservation of resources, and interdependent families},
	journal = {Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {100017},
	abstract = {
	What are the psychological effects of the coronavirus pandemic? Greenfield{\textquoteright}s Theory of Social Change, Cultural Evolution, and Human Development predicts that when survival concerns augment, and one{\textquoteright}s social world nar- rows toward the family household. life shifts towards activities, values, relationships, and parenting expectations typical of small-scale rural subsistence environments with low life expectancy. Specific predictions were that, during the pandemic, respondents would report intensified survival concerns (e.g., thinking about one{\textquoteright}s own mortality); increased subsistence activities (e.g., growing food); augmented subsistence values (e.g., conserving resources); more interdependent family relationships (e.g., members helping each other obtain food); and par- ents expecting children to contribute more to family maintenance (e.g., by cooking for the family). All hypotheses were confirmed with a large-scale survey in California (N = 1,137) administered after about a month of stay-at- home orders during the coronavirus pandemic; results replicated in Rhode Island (N = 955). We posited that an experience of increased survival concerns and number of days spent observing stay-at-home orders would predict these shifts. A structural equation model confirmed this hypothesis.

},
	issn = {26666227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cresp.2021.100017},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2666622721000101},
	author = {Greenfield, Patricia M. and Brown, Genavee and Du, Han}
}
@article {1615303,
	title = {The Population Dynamics of Placebo Effect and Its Role in the Evolution of Medical Technology},
	journal = {Human Ecology},
	year = {2021},
	abstract = {
	
		The placebo effect, used today as the benchmark to evaluate treatment efficacy, plays a major functional role in traditional medical practices. To better understand its effect at the population level, I use a formal approach to examine the population dynamics of the placebo effect and show a reciprocal causal relationship between belief and efficacy: belief in the efficacy of treatments enhances their realized efficacy, which in turn increases people{\textquoteright}s confidence in their therapeutic power. A unique equilibrium for subjective belief and realized efficacy always exists. Its magnitude depends on how beliefs are constructed (relative weight on observed action vs. observed outcome). I further investigate how the placebo effect affects the maintenance of existing medical technologies and the invasion of new technologies by explicitly modeling a belief construction process. Analytical and simulation results show that although the placebo effect primarily suppresses the spread of new technologies, it may occasionally enhance the adoption of superior technological variants under specific parameter combinations.
	

},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007\%2Fs10745-021-00271-8},
	author = {Hong, Ze}
}
@article {GarciaCamilo2021Cpag,
	title = {Cooperative play and globalized social change: Mexican children are less cooperative in 2017 than in 1967},
	journal = {Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2021},
	publisher = {Elsevier B.V},
	abstract = {{\textbullet}Mexican children{\textquoteright}s cooperative behavior was studied with Madsen{\textquoteright}s cooperation board.{\textbullet}Both urban and rural children were less cooperative in 2017 than in 1967.{\textbullet}The behavior change was an adaptation to ecological change in several areas:{\textbullet}Population, economic resources, technology, and schooling all increased.{\textbullet}In world crisis, cooperation is indispensable for human survival \&amp; must be promoted. Greenfield{\textquoteright}s theory of social change and human development is based on the distinction between Gemeinschaft (low-income agricultural communities with low levels of formal education and technology) and Gesellschaft (wealthier commerce-based societies with high levels of formal education and technology). Cooperation is more adaptive in a Gemeischaft environment; in contrast, competition is more adaptive in a Gesellschaft environment. As Mexican ecologies moved in the Gesellschaft direction over recent decades, children{\textquoteright}s cooperative behavior declined, as predicted by the theory. The current quasi-experiment extends this finding from a two-person game, the marble pull, to a new situation, Madsen{\textquoteright}s cooperation board, a game that requires cooperation among four children. Based on a sample of 57 groups of four children each tested in 2017 and 70 groups of four children each tested in 1967, the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test (p\&nbsp;\&lt;\&nbsp;0.001) showed that the decline of cooperation and the rise of competition generalizes across middle-class urban, low-income urban, and rural children in Mexico and that it applies to male, female, and mixed groups. In conclusion, we provide continuing evidence that child behavior is responsive to ecological conditions and shifts over time in order to adapt to them. Given that cooperation is a fundamental human trait that binds social units together, our study also contributes to the conclusion that globalized social change in the Gesellschaft direction entails human loss as well as gain. [Display omitted]},
	keywords = {Child Development, Competition, cooperation, Culture, Mexico, SOCIAL change, Social development},
	issn = {2666-6227},
	author = {Garcia, Camilo and Greenfield, Patricia M and Navarro-Hern{\'a}ndez, Axel M and Colorado-Garc{\'\i}a, Jannethe and Vida{\~n}a-Rivera, Tania Mar{\'\i}a}
}
@article {EversNoahF.G2021Csms,
	title = {COVID-19 shifts mortality salience, activities, and values in the United States: Big data analysis of online adaptation},
	journal = {Human behavior and emerging technologies},
	volume = {3},
	number = {1},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {107{\textendash}126},
	publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc},
	address = {Hoboken, USA},
	abstract = {What is the effect of a life-threatening pandemic at the societal level? An expanded Theory of Social Change, Cultural Evolution, and Human Development predicts that, during a period of increasing survival threat and decreasing prosperity, humans will shift toward the psychology and behavior typical of the small-scale, collectivistic, and rural subsistence ecologies in which we evolved. In particular, subjective mortality salience, engagement in subsistence activities, and collectivism will all increase, while the aspiration to be wealthy will decrease. Because coronavirus has forced unprecedented proportions of human activity online, we tested hypotheses derived from the theory by analyzing big data samples for 70 days before and 70 days after the coronavirus pandemic stimulated President Trump to declare a national emergency. Google searches were used for an exploratory study; the exploratory study was followed by three independent replications on Twitter, internet forums, and blogs. Across all four internet platforms, terms related to subjective mortality salience, engagement in subsistence activities, and collectivism showed massive increases. These findings, coupled with prior research testing this theory, indicate that humans may have an evolutionarily conditioned response to the level of death and availability of material resources in society. More specifically, humans may shift their behavior and psychology toward that found in subsistence ecologies under conditions of high mortality and low prosperity or, conversely, toward behavior and psychology found in modern commercial ecologies under conditions of low mortality and high prosperity.},
	keywords = {American values, and Human Development, Big Data, blogs, collectivism, coronavirus pandemic, COVID-19, Cultural Evolution, Ecology, Empirical, evolutionary psychology, Google Trends, human behavior, human social behavior, Internet, internet forums, mortality salience, Social Media, social theory, subsistence activities, survival threat, terror management theory, Theory of Social Change, Twitter, values},
	issn = {2578-1863},
	author = {Evers, Noah F.G and Greenfield, Patricia M and Evers, Gabriel W}
}
@article {BrownGenavee2021Scds,
	title = {Staying connected during stay-at-home: Communication with family and friends and its association with well-being},
	journal = {Human behavior and emerging technologies},
	volume = {3},
	number = {1},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {147{\textendash}156},
	publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc},
	address = {Hoboken, USA},
	abstract = {COVID-19 and the resulting stay-at-home orders issued to reduce the spread of the virus created a novel social situation in which people could not spend in-person time with their family and friends. Thus, emerging technologies like video calling and other forms of mediated communication like voice calling and text messaging became important resources for people to stay in touch. The purpose of this study was threefold. First, we wanted to test whether people would use more mediated communication (video calls, voice calls, text messaging) to stay in touch during the stay-at-home order. Second, we wanted to see if increased mediated communication would be positively associated with well-being. Finally, we explored whether mediated communication was related to age. To answer these questions, we surveyed 2092 participants who answered questions online about how their use of video calls, voice calls, and text messaging and their well-being had changed since the stay-at-home order. Our results show that people increased their use of mediated communication, particularly video calling; and increases in mediated communication with close others, particularly friends, was related to higher levels of well-being. Finally, we found that age was related only to the use of video calling; younger people tended to use more video calling. These findings support the compensatory theory of technology use, that people use technologically mediated communication to maintain contact with their close friends and family when in-person contact is not possible, and that this form of contact, when in-person interaction is unavailable, is associated with positive outcomes.},
	keywords = {Age, close relationships, COVID-19, Emotions, mediated communication, Social Isolation, text messages, video calls, voice calls, well-being},
	issn = {2578-1863},
	author = {Brown, Genavee and Greenfield, Patricia M}
}
@article {Hong2021,
	title = {The Cultural Evolution of Epistemic Practices},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2021},
	month = {aug},
	pages = {622-651},
	publisher = {Springer US},
	abstract = {Although a substantial literature in anthropology and comparative religion explores divination across diverse societies and back into history, little research has integrated the older ethnographic and historical work with recent insights on human learning, cultural transmission, and cognitive science. Here we present evidence showing that divination practices are often best viewed as an epistemic technology, and we for- mally model the scenarios under which individuals may overestimate the efficacy of divination that contribute to its cultural omnipresence and historical persistence. We found that strong prior belief, underreporting of negative evidence, and misinferring belief from behavior can all contribute to biased and inaccurate beliefs about the effectiveness of epistemic technologies. We finally suggest how scientific epistemol- ogy, as it emerged in Western societies over the past few centuries, has influenced the importance and cultural centrality of divination practices.},
	keywords = {bayesian reasoning, Cultural Evolution, divination, information transmission},
	isbn = {0123456789},
	issn = {1045-6767},
	doi = {10.1007/s12110-021-09408-6},
	url = {https://link-springer-com.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/article/10.1007/s12110-021-09408-6?utm_source=toc\&utm_medium=email\&utm_campaign=toc_12110_32_3\&utm_content=etoc_springer_20211002},
	author = {Hong, Ze and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {Davis2021a,
	title = {Cultural Change Reduces Gender Differences in Mobility and Spatial Ability among Seminomadic Pastoralist-Forager Children in Northern Namibia},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	volume = {32},
	number = {1},
	year = {2021},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {178{\textendash}206},
	publisher = {Human Nature},
	abstract = {A fundamental cognitive function found across a wide range of species and necessary for survival is the ability to navigate complex environments. It has been suggested that mobility may play an important role in the development of spatial skills. Despite evolutionary arguments offering logical explanations for why sex/gender differences in spatial abilities and mobility might exist, thus far there has been limited sampling from nonindustrialized and subsistence-based societies. This lack of sampling diversity has left many unanswered questions regarding the effects that environmental variation and cultural norms may have in shaping mobility patterns during childhood and the development of spatial competencies that may be associated with it. Here we examine variation in mobility (through GPS tracking and interviews), performance on large-scale spatial skills (i.e., navigational ability), and performance on small-scale spatial skills (e.g., mental rotation task, Corsi blocks task, and water-level task) among Twa forager/pastoralist children whose daily lives have been dramatically altered since settlement and the introduction of government-funded boarding schools. Unlike in previous findings among Twa adults, boys and girls (N = 88; aged 6{\textendash}18) show similar patterns of travel on all measures of mobility. We also find no significant differences in spatial task performance by gender for large- or small-scale spatial skills. Further, children performed as well as adults did on mental rotation, and they outperformed adults on the water-level task. We discuss how children{\textquoteright}s early learning environments may influence the development of both large- and small-scale spatial skills.},
	keywords = {Child Development, Gender differences, Mobility, Schooling, Spatial cognition},
	issn = {1045-6767},
	doi = {10.1007/s12110-021-09388-7},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12110-021-09388-7},
	author = {Davis, Helen E. and Stack, Jonathan and Cashdan, Elizabeth}
}
@article {Davis2021,
	title = {Ecological and Developmental Perspectives on Social Learning},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	volume = {32},
	number = {1},
	year = {2021},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {1{\textendash}15},
	publisher = {Springer US},
	abstract = {In this special issue of Human Nature we explore the possible adaptive links between teaching and learning during childhood, and we aim to expand the dialogue on the ways in which the social sciences, and in particular current anthropological research, may better inform our shifting understanding of how these processes vary in different social and ecological environments. Despite the cross-disciplinary trend toward incorporating more behavioral and cognitive data outside of postindustrial state societies, much of the published cross-cultural data is presented as stand-alone population-level studies, making it challenging to extrapolate trends or incorporate both ecological and developmental perspectives. Here, contributors explore how human life history, ecological experience, cumulative culture, and ethnolinguistics impact social learning and child development in foraging and transitioning societies around the world. Using historical ethnographic data and qualitative and quantitative data from studies with contemporary populations, authors interrogate the array of factors that likely interact with cognitive development and learning. They provide contributions that explore the unique environmental, social, and cultural conditions that characterize such populations, offering key insights into processes of social learning, adaptive learning responses, and culture change. This series of articles demonstrates that children are taught culturally and environmentally salient skills in myriad ways, ranging from institutionalized instruction to brief, nuanced, and indirect instruction. Our hope is that this collection stimulates more research on the evolutionary and developmental implications associated with teaching and learning among humans.},
	keywords = {Child Development, childhood, Foragers, Social learning, Teaching, Transitioning populations},
	isbn = {0123456789},
	issn = {1045-6767},
	doi = {10.1007/s12110-021-09394-9},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12110-021-09394-9},
	author = {Davis, Helen Elizabeth and Alyssa N. Crittenden and Scalise Sugiyama, Michelle}
}
@article {Beheim2021,
	title = {Treatment of missing data determined conclusions regarding moralizing gods},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {595},
	number = {7866},
	year = {2021},
	month = {jul},
	pages = {E29{\textendash}E34},
	publisher = {Springer US},
	keywords = {Article},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/s41586-021-03655-4},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03655-4 http://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03655-4},
	author = {Beheim, Bret and Quentin D. Atkinson and Bulbulia, Joseph and Gervais, Will and Gray, Russell D. and Henrich, Joseph and Lang, Martin and Monroe, M. Willis and Muthukrishna, Michael and Norenzayan, Ara and Benjamin Grant Purzycki and Azim Shariff and Slingerland, Edward and Spicer, Rachel and Aiyana K. Willard}
}
@article {1589736,
	title = {Tabulated Nonsense? Testing the Validity of the Ethnographic Atlas},
	journal = {Economic Letters},
	volume = {204},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {109880},
	abstract = {The\&nbsp;Ethnographic Atlas\&nbsp;(Murdock, 1967), an anthropological database, is widely used across the social sciences. The\&nbsp;Atlas\&nbsp;is a quantified and discretely categorized collection of information gleaned from ethnographies covering more than 1200 pre-industrial societies. While being popular in many fields, it has been subject to skepticism within cultural anthropology. We assess the\&nbsp;Atlas{\textquoteright}s\&nbsp;validity by comparing it with representative data from descendants of the portrayed societies. We document positive associations between the historical measures collected by ethnographers and self-reported data from 790,000 individuals across 43 countries.},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165176521001579},
	author = {Bahrami-Rad, D and Becker, A and Henrich, J}
}
@article {1588940,
	title = {Cultural evolution: Is causal inference the secret of our success?},
	journal = {Current Biology},
	volume = {31},
	number = {8},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {R381-R383},
	url = {https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1czZ53QW8RwnNV},
	author = {Henrich, J}
}
@article {1587430,
	title = {Dominance is necessary to explain human status hierarchies [Comment on Durkee, Lukaszewski, and Buss]},
	journal = {PNAS},
	volume = {118},
	number = {22},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__psyarxiv.com_w28nt\&d=DwMFAg\&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ\&r=r4H_lCpfBoOe2ZZRxNvymJFotgl4kLbBkUqUTRQgA1g\&m=uUkQvDjG7C9l7Wt4hkL7HNZBEMSaze6K9N347SdcoDA\&s=ZC3tta4HaRAvnMo7NL3dzhvWHON5_N3DKa0ZcjPrLXY\&e=},
	author = {Cheng, J T and Tracy, J L and Henrich, J}
}
@article {1574881,
	title = {Machiavellian Strategist or Cultural Learner? Mentalizing and learning over development in a resource sharing game},
	journal = {Evolutionary Human Sciences},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {e14},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/evolutionary-human-sciences/article/machiavellian-strategist-or-cultural-learner-mentalizing-and-learning-over-development-in-a-resourcesharing-game/3775530F483D2FC580F8C763A990031C},
	author = {Baimel, A and Juda, M and Birch, S and Henrich, J}
}
@article {1570925,
	title = {God{\textquoteright}s mind on morality},
	journal = {Evolutionary Human Sciences},
	volume = {3},
	number = {e6},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {1-19},
	author = {McNamara, R A and Senanayake, R and Willard, A K and Henrich, J}
}
@article {1525116,
	title = {Psychology as a historical science},
	journal = {Annual Review of Psychology},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {717-749},
	url = {http://www.annualreviews.org/eprint/HWMKDRKZREZDD5ADPXGS/full/10.1146/annurev-psych-082820-111436},
	author = {Muthukrishna, M and Henrich, J and Slingerland, E}
}
@article {1525113,
	title = {The Origins and Psychology of Human Cooperation},
	journal = {Annual Review of Psychology},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {207-240},
	url = {http://www.annualreviews.org/eprint/WCHW3YMWMC9D5SJEFVK3/full/10.1146/annurev-psych-081920-042106  },
	author = {Henrich, J and Muthukrishna, M}
}
@article {1518527,
	title = {Small gods, rituals, and cooperationThe Mentawai water spirit Sikameinan},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {42},
	number = {1},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {61-72},
	url = {https://osf.io/bjq6f/},
	author = {Singh, M and Kaptchuk, Ted J. and Henrich, J}
}
@article {GreenfieldPatriciaM2020Mtoe,
	title = {Multilevel theory of emerging technologies: Implications of historical transformation for human development},
	journal = {Human behavior and emerging technologies},
	volume = {2},
	number = {4},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {325{\textendash}335},
	publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc},
	address = {Hoboken, USA},
	abstract = {Integrating a theory of social change, culture, and human development with earlier theoretical work on media effects, this article explores developmental implications{\textemdash}social, cognitive, and neural{\textemdash}of the march of media through historical time and across geographical space. It draws on studies employing a variety of methods{\textemdash}content analysis, focus group, survey, field, lab, and fMRI experiments. While before-after comparisons are valuable but rare, there are a number of other research designs that allow us to infer effects of the historical introduction and expansion of a particular communication technology. In this theoretical article, I first present an overview of the theory and then use it to analyze and discuss the effects of three examples of emerging technologies: mobile phones, social networking, and multimedia.},
	keywords = {emerging technologies, historical transformation, human development, mobile phones, multilevel theory, multimedia, Social Networking},
	issn = {2578-1863},
	author = {Greenfield, Patricia M}
}
@article {Becker2020,
	title = {Ancient Origins of the Global Variation in Economic Preferences},
	journal = {AEA Papers and Proceedings},
	volume = {110},
	year = {2020},
	month = {may},
	pages = {319{\textendash}323},
	abstract = {This paper shows that contemporary population-level heterogeneity in risk aversion, time preference, altruism, positive reciprocity, negative reciprocity, and trust partly traces back to the structure of the migration patterns of our very early ancestors. To document this pattern, we link differences in preferences between populations to the length of time elapsed since the ancestors of the respective groups broke apart from each other, as proxied by genetic and linguistic distance measures. Preference differences are significantly increasing in ancestral distance in both cross-country regressions and within-country analyses across groups of migrants.},
	keywords = {out of, risk preferences, social preferences, temporal distance, time preferences},
	issn = {2574-0768},
	doi = {10.1257/pandp.20201071},
	url = {https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/10.1257/pandp.20201071},
	author = {Becker, Anke and Enke, Benjamin and Falk, Armin}
}
@article {1570696,
	title = {Reply to: Life and death decisions of autonomous vehicles},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {579},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {E3-E5},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-1988-3},
	author = {Awad, E and Dsouza, S and Kim, R and Schulz, J and Henrich, J and Shariff, A and Bonnefon, J-F and Rahwan, I}
}
@article {1518710,
	title = {Kinship intensity and the use of mental states in moral judgment across societies},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {41},
	number = {5},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {415-429},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1090513820300817},
	author = {Curtin, C M and Barrett, H C and Bolyanatz, A and Crittenden, A and Fessler, D M T and Fitzpatrick, S and Gurven, M and Kanovsky, M and Kushnick, G and Laurence, S and Pisor, A and Scelza, B and Stich, S and von Rueden, C and Henrich, J}
}
@article {1512542,
	title = {Why do religious leaders observe costly prohibitions? Examining taboos on Mentawai shamans},
	journal = {Evolutionary Human Sciences},
	volume = {2},
	number = {E32},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {doi:10.1017/ehs.2020.32},
	url = {https://osf.io/3mbkz/},
	author = {Singh, M and Henrich, J}
}
@article {1489376,
	title = {Modelling the On-going Natural Selection of Educational Attainment in Contemporary Societies},
	journal = {Journal of Theoretical Biology},
	volume = {493},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {11210},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022519320300655$\#$!},
	author = {Hong, Z}
}
@article {1481682,
	title = {Beyond Western, Educated, Industrial, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) Psychology: Measuring and Mapping Scales of Cultural and Psychological Distance},
	journal = {Psychological Science},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0956797620916782},
	author = {Muthukrishna, M and Bell, A V and Henrich, J and Curtin, C M and Gedranovich, A and McInerney, J and Thue, B}
}
@article {1414288,
	title = {Two Signals of Social Rank: Prestige and dominance are associated with distinct nonverbal displays},
	journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
	volume = {118},
	number = {1},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {89-120},
	url = {https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2019-22179-001},
	author = {Witkower, Z and Tracy, J. L. and J. T. Cheng and Henrich, J.}
}
@inbook {2019HEoI,
	title = {Historical Evolution of Intelligence},
	booktitle = {The Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {916{\textendash}939},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
	organization = {Cambridge University Press},
	abstract = {Historical change in the definition of intelligence has a globalized direction under the influence of sociodemographic change. The main sociodemographic shifts are ever more technology, urbanization, formal education, wealth, and commercialized economies. Under the influence of these sociodemographic shifts, the direction of change in valued intelligence is from the integration of social responsibility, wisdom, and spirituality with cognitive intelligence toward purely cognitive skills; from practical, detailed, and contextualized to abstract, decontextualized cognition; from slow and careful thinking to speeded cognition; from repetition of the known to extrapolation and novelty; from habitual practice to innovation; and, using the language of IQ tests, from crystallized to fluid intelligence. These changes in definition have taken place and continue to take place around the world. While shifts in the definition of intelligence may be more visible in fast-changing societies, they have also taken place in the United States, as seen most dramatically in {\textquotedblleft}what the IQ tests measure.{\textquotedblright}},
	isbn = {9781108485104}
}
@article {AbuAleonTurky2019SCaI,
	title = {Social Change and Intergenerational Value Differences in a Bedouin Community in Israel},
	journal = {Journal of cross-cultural psychology},
	volume = {50},
	number = {5},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {708{\textendash}727},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications},
	address = {Los Angeles, CA},
	abstract = {The current study tests the application of Greenfield{\textquoteright}s theory of social change and human development to an Arab Bedouin community transitioning from a nomadic to a sedentary way of life. We predicted that sociodemographic change across three generations away from a rural subsistence way of life (a Gemeinschaft ecology) toward an urban, educated, and technological way of life in a commercial economy (a Gesellschaft ecology) would correspond to generational differences in individualistic values related to gender, focusing on equality and chosen roles. We also examined the hypothesis that the pattern of intergenerational differences would suggest a more rapid pace of value change for women than for men. We presented 20 adolescent girls, their mothers, and their grandmothers, and 20 adolescent boys, their fathers, and their grandfathers with a series of vignettes to measure their values. Results showed increasing Gesellschaft-adapted values across generations of both women and men; however, the pattern of generational differences suggested that the most dramatic change for women was in the parent generation, whereas the most dramatic change for men was in the adolescent generation. This pattern suggested a more rapid pace of value change for women than for men. Mediation analyses showed that education, TV watching, and Internet use explained differences in values across the generations. Qualitative examples illustrate how beliefs about ideal gender behaviors and male{\textendash}female relations shift across generations in correspondence with sociodemographic changes.},
	keywords = {Bedouins {\textendash} Israel {\textendash} Social conditions, Intergenerational relations {\textendash} Israel, Social change {\textendash} Israel},
	issn = {0022-0221},
	author = {Abu Aleon, Turky and Weinstock, Michael and Manago, Adriana M and Greenfield, Patricia M}
}
@article {GreenfieldPatriciaM2019EitI,
	title = {Ethiopian immigrants to Israel: The persistence and transformation of African values and practices in art and life},
	journal = {Journal of psychology in Africa},
	volume = {29},
	number = {6},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {613{\textendash}624},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	abstract = {We present a qualitative interdisciplinary study of seven Ethiopian potters who immigrated to Israel as adults. Data sources include cultural products (their clay sculptures), interviews, and archival photos at the time of immigration. Together these data sources show how these women carried African values (procreation, family closeness, sharing, and respect for elders) and memories of subsistence activities to Israel. They also show how the women expressed these values and practices in their sculptures. Additionally, findings reveal the contrasting, often conflicting, cultural values and practices that the women met in the broader Israeli society. Furthermore, we document spontaneous stylistic changes in the pottery in adaptation to the new environment. In Ethiopia, potters learned to work in clay by observing their mothers in an apprenticeship process. A new project will give Ethiopian immigrant potters an opportunity to use apprenticeship methods to transmit their techniques to a new generation of Israelis.},
	keywords = {African culture, apprenticeship, clay sculpture, cultural values, Ethiopia, Israel, SOCIAL change},
	issn = {1433-0237},
	author = {Greenfield, Patricia M and Rotem, Oshrat Sulika and Weinstock, Michael}
}
@article {Davis2019,
	title = {Spatial cognition, navigation, and mobility among children in a forager-horticulturalist population, the Tsiman{\'e} of Bolivia},
	journal = {Cognitive Development},
	volume = {52},
	number = {May},
	year = {2019},
	month = {oct},
	pages = {100800},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	abstract = {In many societies, males range farther than females, and this greater environmental experience may foster better spatial ability. Females are also reported to be more harm-avoidant, which may reduce spatial exploration. We evaluated these relationships among 6{\textendash}18 year old Tsiman{\'e} children, who live in a forager-horticulturalist society where both girls and boys have few constraints on spatial exploration compared to children in Western societies. Mobility was assessed through GPS tracking and interview, spatial ability through pointing accuracy, perspective-taking and mental rotation, and harm avoidance through interview. Few gender differences were found in mobility or spatial ability, although males pointed more accurately to challenging (high sinuosity) routes. Both girls and boys became more harm avoidant about travel risks as they got older, but there were few gender differences in harm avoidance. Schooling was associated with better performance on mental rotation but worse performance on regional pointing accuracy, probably because schooling limits outdoor spatial exploration.},
	keywords = {Children, gender, Learning, Navigation, Spatial cognition, Tsiman{\'e}},
	issn = {08852014},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cogdev.2019.100800},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2019.100800},
	author = {Davis, Helen E. and Cashdan, Elizabeth}
}
@article {1473314,
	title = {Universality and diversity in human song},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {366},
	number = {6468},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {eaaax0868},
	url = {https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6468/eaax0868/tab-article-info},
	author = {Mehr, S A and Singh, M and Knox, D and Ketter, D M and Pickens-Jones, D and Atwood, S and Lucas, C and Jacoby, N and Egner, A A and Hopkins, E J and RM Howard and Hartshorne, J K and Jennings, M V and Simson, J and Bainbridge, C M and Pinker, S and O{\textquoteright}Donnell, T J and Krasnow, M. M. and Glowacki, L}
}
@article {1469150,
	title = {The church, intensive kinship and global psychological variation},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {366},
	number = {707},
	year = {2019},
	note = {Coverage in\&nbsp;Cosmos Magazine,\&nbsp;Harvard Magazine,\&nbsp;National Public Radio (NPR),\&nbsp;Newsweek,\&nbsp;Science Magazine,\&nbsp;Scientific American,\&nbsp;The Telegraph (UK);\&nbsp;interviews on\&nbsp;Science Podcast\&nbsp;and\&nbsp;Radio Canada (French) (see "L{\textquoteright}influence de le religion catholique...")},
	pages = {1-12},
	url = {https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.2rbnzs7hs},
	author = {Schulz, J and Beauchamp, J and Bahrami-Rad, D and Henrich, J}
}
@article {1462809,
	title = {Work time and market integration in the original affluent society},
	journal = {PNAS},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {1-6},
	url = {https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2019/10/08/1906196116},
	author = {Bhui, R and Chudek, M and Henrich, J}
}
@article {1429638,
	title = {How exploitation launched human cooperation},
	journal = {Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology},
	volume = {73},
	number = {78},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {1-14},
	url = {https://rdcu.be/bDXQX},
	author = {Bhui, R. and Chudek, M. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {1419546,
	title = {Moralizing gods, impartiality, and religious parochialism across 15 societies},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences},
	year = {2019},
	author = {Lang, M and Purzycki, B G and Apicella, C L and Atkinson, Q D and Bolyanatz, A and Cohen, E and Handley, C and Klocova, E K and Lesorogol, C and Mathew, S and McNamara, R A and Moya, C and Placek, C D and Soler, M and Vardy, T and Weigel, J L and Willard, A K and Xygalatas, D and Norenzayan, A and Henrich, J}
}
@article {1366817,
	title = {A problem in theory},
	journal = {Nature Human Behavior},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-018-0522-1.epdf?author_access_token=UNn5NfKkdenX2XOtRn-a89RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0PR1n9_3i-MM3VzdUMeSGjuHL3rzkkW8mnQZYKonzAh5oUPDZHAQYa3tsgkHBp3QPi2x94zvRmVSupO1uif43JYttNHav4CunuTrACnWXGjIw\%3D\%3D},
	author = {Muthukrishna, M and Henrich, J}
}
@article {1351116,
	title = {War increases religiosity},
	journal = {Nature Human Behavior: Letter},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-018-0512-3.epdf?author_access_token=G8SE3Pil2BHi3WZe4LTeF9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0OENBSMz4xtkQR5Q5rg2zGHa5yYlApm_JSd3eToKlmk7Q90RfHfcSnIkfaVOc_8IVFGesBKaFGHd0wX-VCBI6zsppiOdpsNsXks2tvRyRyfKQ\%3D\%3D},
	author = {Henrich, J and Bauer, M and Cassar, A and Chytilova, J and Purzycki, B. G.}
}
@article {ZhouChan2018PoCD,
	title = {Perception of Cross-Generational Differences in Child Behavior and Parent Socialization: A Mixed-Method Interview Study With Grandmothers in China},
	journal = {Journal of cross-cultural psychology},
	volume = {49},
	number = {1},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {62{\textendash}81},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications},
	address = {Los Angeles, CA},
	abstract = {China, having gone through rapid economic reform, supported by urbanization, educational expansion, and family size reduction over past decades, is an important part of a worldwide sociodemographic trend that can be summarized as a shift from community/Gemeinschaft to society/Gesellschaft. Correlated with this sociodemographic trend, our qualitative and quantitative analyses document intergenerational change in grandmothers{\textquoteright} perception of socializing environments and developmental pathways of Chinese children. Grandmothers from Beijing ranked (a) three generations of children at ages 4 to 6 in their families (themselves, their children, and their grandchildren) on autonomy, curiosity, self-expression, obedience, and shyness and (b) three generations of parents in their families (their parents, themselves, and their children) on child-rearing behaviors: support, praise, criticism, and control. As predicted, we found an intergenerational increase in perceived child autonomy, curiosity, and self-expression{\textemdash}individualistic traits adapted to Gesellschaft environments. Also as predicted, perceived child obedience and shyness, adapted to Gemeinschaft environments, declined across the generations. Related changes in reported child-rearing behaviors were also expected and found: Grandmothers judged that parental support and praise (promotion socialization), which foster individuated self-development, increased significantly, although the pattern of parental criticism and control (prevention socialization) was less clear. Promotion-based socialization strategies were found to serve as a partial mediator of intergenerational differences in individualistic child behaviors. Results suggest that the younger generations exhibit more promotion-based socialization, leading to more individualistic child traits, as they adapt to China{\textquoteright}s more Gesellschaft ecology, comprising urbanization, formal education, and smaller family size.},
	issn = {0022-0221},
	author = {Zhou, Chan and Yiu, Wai Ying Vivien and Wu, Michael Shengtao and Greenfield, Patricia M}
}
@article {From2012,
	title = {Global Evidence on Economic Preferences*},
	journal = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
	volume = {133},
	number = {4},
	year = {2018},
	month = {nov},
	pages = {1645{\textendash}1692},
	abstract = {We develop a simple model of international trade with heterogeneous firms that is consistent with a number of stylized features of the data. In particular, the model predicts positive as well as zero trade flows across pairs of countries, and it allows the number of exporting firms to vary across destination countries. As a result, the impact of trade frictions on trade flows can be decomposed into the intensive and extensive margins, where the former refers to the trade volume per exporter and the latter refers to the number of exporters. Thismodel yields a gen- eralized gravity equation that accounts for the self-selection of firms into export markets and their impact on trade volumes.We then develop a two-stage estima- tion procedure that uses an equation for selection into trade partners in the first stage and a trade flow equation in the second.We implement this procedure para- metrically, semiparametrically, and nonparametrically, showing that in all three cases the estimated effects of trade frictions are similar. Importantly, our method provides estimates of the intensive and extensive margins of trade.We show that traditional estimates are biased and that most of the bias is due not to selection but rather due to the omission of the extensive margin.Moreover, the effect of the number of exporting firms varies across country pairs according to their charac- teristics. This variation is large and particularly so for trade between developed and less developed countries and between pairs of less developed countries. I.},
	issn = {0033-5533},
	doi = {10.1093/qje/qjy013},
	url = {https://academic.oup.com/qje/article/133/4/1645/5025666},
	author = {Falk, Armin and Becker, Anke and Dohmen, Thomas and Enke, Benjamin and Huffman, David and Sunde, Uwe}
}
@article {1407303,
	title = {Genetic legacy of state centralization in the Kuba Kingdom of the Democratic Republic of the Congo},
	journal = {PNAS},
	volume = {116},
	number = {2},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {593-598},
	url = {https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/12/18/1811211115.short},
	author = {van Dorp, L and Lowes, S and Weigel, J L and Ansari-Pour, Naser and Lopez, S and Mendoza-Revilla, J and Robinson, J A and Henrich, J and Thomas, M G and Nunn, N and Hellenthal, G}
}
@article {1349521,
	title = {Pressing questions in the study of psychological and behavioral diversity},
	journal = {PNAS},
	volume = {115},
	number = {45},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {1-3},
	author = {Hruschka, D. and Medin, D and Rogoff, Barbara and Henrich, J}
}
@article {1335099,
	title = {Human Cooperation: The Hunter-Gatherer Puzzle},
	journal = {Current Biology},
	volume = {28},
	number = {19},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {R1143-R1145},
	url = {https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(18)31050-9},
	author = {Henrich, J.}
}
@article {1334156,
	title = {The Moral Machine Experiment},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {563},
	number = {7729},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {59-64},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0637-6},
	author = {Awad, E. and Dsouza, S. and Kim, R. and Schulz, J. and Henrich, J. and Shariff, A. and Bonnefon, J. F. and Rahwan, I.}
}
@article {1331230,
	title = {The Cultural Brain Hypothesis: How culture drives brain expansion, sociality, and life history},
	journal = {PLOS Computational Biology},
	volume = {14},
	number = {11},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {e1006504},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006504},
	author = {Muthukrishna, Michael and Doebeli, Michael and Chudek, Maciej and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {1329832,
	title = {Weighing Outcome vs. Intent Across Societies: How cultural models of mind shape moral reasoning},
	journal = {Cognition},
	volume = {182},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {95-108},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010027718302440},
	author = {McNamara, Rita Anne and Willard, Aiyana K and Norenzayan, Ara and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {1326385,
	title = {Overconfidence is Universal? Elicitation of Genuine Overconfidence (EGO) procedure reveals systematic differences across domain, task knowledge, and incentives in four populations},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {13},
	number = {8},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0202288},
	author = {Muthukrishna, M. and Henrich, J. and Toyakawa, W. and Hamamura, T. and Kameda, T. and Heine, S. J.}
}
@article {1312904,
	title = {Why is there shamanism? Developing the cultural evolutionary theory and addressing alternative accounts.},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences },
	volume = {41},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {e92, [Response to commentaries on {\textquoteright}The cultural evolution of shamanism.{\textquoteright}]},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences/article/cultural-evolution-of-shamanism/6942421013C692541D1D460503F9FA42},
	author = {Manvir Singh}
}
@article {1309628,
	title = {The Cognitive and Cultural Foundations of Moral Behavior},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {39},
	number = {5},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {490-501},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090513817303239},
	author = {Purzycki, B. G. and Pisor, A. and Apicella, C. and Atkinson, Q. and Cohen, E. and Henrich, J. and McElreath, R. and McNamara, R. and Norenzayan, A. and Willard, A. and Xygalatas, D.}
}
@article {1301153,
	title = {Material security, life history, and moralistic religions: A cross-cultural examination.},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {13},
	number = {3},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {e0193856},
	url = {http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0193856},
	author = {Purzycki, B. G. and Ross, C. T. and Apicella, C. and Atkinson, Q. and Cohen, E. and McNamara, R. A. and Willard, A. K and Norenzayan, A. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {1297708,
	title = {Form and function in human song},
	journal = {Current Biology},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2018},
	note = {Coverage in\&nbsp;The Atlantic,\&nbsp;The New York Times,\&nbsp;The Economist,\&nbsp;Smithsonian;\&nbsp;interviews on\&nbsp;NPR{\textquoteright}s Morning Edition,\&nbsp;PRI{\textquoteright}s Science Friday, and\&nbsp;The Naked Scientists (BBC)},
	url = {http://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(17)31675-5},
	author = {S.A. Mehr and Singh, M. and York, H. and Glowacki, L. and Krasnow, M. M.}
}
@article {1143721,
	title = {The cultural evolution of shamanism},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {41},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {e99},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences/article/cultural-evolution-of-shamanism/6942421013C692541D1D460503F9FA42},
	author = {Manvir Singh}
}
@article {983786,
	title = {Big Gods in Small Places: The Random Allocation Game in Mauritius.},
	journal = {Religion, Brain and Behavior},
	volume = {8},
	number = {2},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {243{\textendash}261},
	url = {https://www-tandfonline-com.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/doi/full/10.1080/2153599X.2016.1267033},
	author = {Xygalatas, D. and Kotherov{\'a}, S. and Ma{\v n}o, P. and Kundt, R. and Cig{\'a}n, J. and Kundtov{\'a} Klocov{\'a}, E. and Lang, M.}
}
@article {983796,
	title = {Costs Do Not Explain Variance in Trust Among Secular Groups.},
	journal = {Journal of Cognition and Culture},
	volume = {18},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {180-204},
	url = {http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/15685373-12340025},
	author = {Shaver, J. H. and DiVietro, S. and Lang, M. and Sosis, R.}
}
@article {977236,
	title = {The Evolution of Religion and Morality},
	journal = {Religion, Brain and Behavior},
	volume = {8},
	number = {2},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://www-tandfonline-com.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/toc/rrbb20/8/2},
	editor = {Benjamin Grant Purzycki and Henrich, Joseph and Norenzayan, Ara}
}
@article {976226,
	title = {The evolution of religion and morality: A synthesis of ethnographic and experimental evidence from eight societies},
	journal = {Religion, Brain and Behavior},
	volume = {8},
	number = {2},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {101{\textendash}132},
	url = {https://www-tandfonline-com.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/doi/full/10.1080/2153599X.2016.1267027},
	author = {Purzycki, B. G. and Henrich, J. and Apicella, C. and Atkinson, Q. and Baimel, A. and Cohen, E. and McNamara, R. A. and Willard, A. K. and Xygalatas, D. and Norenzayan, A.}
}
@article {976236,
	title = {Jesus vs. the Ancestors: How specific religious beliefs shape prosociality on Yasawa Island, Fiji},
	journal = {Religion Brain and Behavior},
	volume = {8},
	number = {2},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {185{\textendash}204},
	url = {https://www-tandfonline-com.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/doi/full/10.1080/2153599X.2016.1267030},
	author = {McNamara, R. A. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {GreenfieldPatriciaM2017CCOT,
	title = {Cultural Change Over Time: Why Replicability Should Not Be the Gold Standard in Psychological Science},
	journal = {Perspectives on psychological science},
	volume = {12},
	number = {5},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {762{\textendash}771},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications},
	address = {Los Angeles, CA},
	abstract = {By continuing to focus on the necessity for replication, psychological science misses an important and all-pervasive psychological phenomenon: the impact of social and cultural change on behavior. Or put otherwise, our discipline misinterprets failure to replicate behavioral results if we do not consider that social and cultural change can produce systematic shifts in behavior. Data on the connection between social change and behavioral change point to a new role for {\textquotedblleft}replication{\textquotedblright}: not to show that results can be duplicated, but to reveal behavioral effects of sociodemographic and cultural change in the intervening years between original and replicated procedure, whether those be surveys, standardized behavioral procedures, or intelligence tests.},
	keywords = {Cultural Diversity, Cultural Evolution, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Psychological Theory, Psychology, Psychology - standards, Reproducibility of Results, Research, Science, Social, SOCIAL change},
	issn = {1745-6916},
	author = {Greenfield, Patricia M}
}
@article {1197411,
	title = {Do minds switch bodies? Dualist interpretations across ages and societies},
	journal = {Religion, Brain \& Behavior},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {doi:10.1080/2153599X.2017.1377757},
	url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/2153599X.2017.1377757},
	author = {Chudek, Maciej and Rita McNamara and Birch, Susan and Bloom, Paul and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {1089286,
	title = {Corrupting Cooperation and How Anti-Corruption Strategies May Backfire},
	journal = {Nature Human Behaviour},
	volume = {1},
	number = {0138},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-017-0138},
	author = {Muthukrishna, M. and Francois, P. and Pourahmadi, S. and Henrich, J.}
}
@inbook {644366,
	title = {Cultural Evolution in Chimpanzees and Humans},
	booktitle = {Chimpanzees and Human Evolution},
	year = {2017},
	publisher = {Harvard University Press},
	organization = {Harvard University Press},
	address = {Cambridge, MA},
	url = {http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674967953},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Tennie, C.},
	editor = {M. Muller and Wrangham, R. and Pilbream, D.}
}
@article {933032,
	title = {Understanding cumulative cultural evolution},
	journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.},
	volume = {113},
	number = {44},
	year = {2016},
	note = {Web Appendix},
	pages = {E6724-E6725},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2016/10/21/1610005113.full},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Boyd, Robert and Maxime Derex and Michelle A. Kline and Mesoudi, Alex and Muthukrishna, Michael and Adam T. Powell and Shennan, Stephen J. and Mark G. Thomas}
}
@article {917226,
	title = { Kin and Kinship Psychology both influence cooperative coordination in Yasawa, Fiji},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2016.09.004},
	url = {http://www.ehbonline.org/article/S1090-5138(16)30248-3/fulltext?rss=yes},
	author = {McNamara, Rita Anne and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {915841,
	title = {Cross-cultural dataset for the Evolution of Religion and Morality Project},
	journal = {Scientific Data},
	volume = {3},
	number = {160099},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {10.1038/sdata.2016.99},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/sdata201699},
	author = {Benjamin Purzycki and Coren L. Apicella and Quentin Atkinson and Emma Cohen and Rita McNamara and Aiyana Willard and Dimitris Xygalatas and Norenzayan, Ara and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {835266,
	title = {What is the association between religious affiliation and children{\textquoteright}s altruism?},
	journal = {Current Biology},
	volume = {26},
	number = {15},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {R699{\textendash}R700},
	url = {http://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(16)30670-4},
	author = {Shariff, A. F. and Willard, A. K. and Muthukrishna, M. and Kramer, S. R. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {703061,
	title = {Can War Foster Cooperation?},
	journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
	volume = {30},
	number = {3},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {249-274},
	url = {https://www-aeaweb-org.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/articles?id=10.1257/jep.30.3.249},
	author = {Bauer, M. and Blattman, C. and Chytilova, J. and Henrich, J. and Miguel, E. and Mitts, T.}
}
@article {653901,
	title = {Listen, Follow Me: Dynamic Vocal Signals of Dominance Predict Emergent Social Rank in Humans},
	journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology: General},
	volume = {145},
	number = {5},
	year = {2016},
	note = {Scientific American Podcast},
	pages = { 536{\textendash}547},
	url = {http://psycnet.apa.org/index.cfm?fa=search.displayrecord\&uid=2016-15301-001},
	author = {J. Cheng and Tracy, J. and S. Ho and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {652991,
	title = {Small-Scale Societies Exhibit Fundamental Variation in the Role of Intentions in Moral Judgment},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States},
	volume = {133},
	number = {17},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {4688{\textendash}4693},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2016/03/22/1522070113.full?sid=731ea871-4c02-4d47-a82e-b3833e89a7c2},
	author = {Barrett, H. Clark and Alex Bolyanatz and Alyssa N. Crittenden and Daniel M.T. Fessler and Simon Fitzpatrick and Gurven, Michael and Henrich, Joseph and Martin Kanovsky and Geoff Kushnick and Anne Pisor and Brooke Scelza and Stephen Stich and Chris von Rueden and Wanying Zhaog and Stephen Laurence}
}
@article {644401,
	title = {The Cultural Evolution of Prosocial Religions},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {doi: 10.1017/S0140525X14001356},
	url = {http://journals.cambridge.org.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online\&aid=10188732\&fulltextType=RA\&fileId=S0140525X14001356\&treatment=Y\&specialArticle=Y},
	author = {Norenzayan, A. and Shariff, A. F. and Gervais, W. M. and Willard, A. and McNamara, R. and Slingerland, E. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644411,
	title = {Culture{\textendash}gene coevolutionary psychology: cultural learning, language, and ethnic psychology},
	journal = {Current Opinion in Psychology },
	volume = {8},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {112-118},
	author = {Cristina Moya and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644391,
	title = {Food Aversions and Cravings during Pregnancy on Yasawa Island, Fiji},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	volume = {27},
	number = {3},
	year = {2016},
	pages = { 296-315},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007\%2Fs12110-016-9262-y},
	author = {Luseadra McKerracher and Mark Collard and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644386,
	title = {How evolved psychological mechanisms empower cultural group selection},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2016},
	url = {http://journals.cambridge.org.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online\&aid=10224984\&fulltextType=RA\&fileId=S0140525X15000138},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Boyd, R.}
}
@article {644376,
	title = {Innovation in the Collective Brain},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B},
	volume = {371},
	number = {1690},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0192},
	url = {http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/371/1690/20150192},
	author = {Muthukrishna, Michael and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644381,
	title = {Memory and Belief in the Transmission of Counterintuitive Content},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	volume = {27},
	number = {3},
	year = {2016},
	pages = { 221-243},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12110-016-9259-6},
	author = {Aiyana K. Willard and Henrich, Joseph and Norenzayan, Ara}
}
@article {644371,
	title = {Moralistic Gods, Supernatural Punishment and the Expansion of Human Sociality},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {530},
	year = {2016},
	note = {Nature News \&amp; Views},
	pages = {327{\textendash}330},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v530/n7590/full/nature16980.html$\#$access},
	author = {Benjamin Grant Purzycki and Coren Apicella and Quentin D. Atkinson and Emma Cohen and McNamara, Rita Anne and Aiyana K. Willard and Dimitris Xygalatas and Norenzayan, Ara and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644396,
	title = {Similarities and differences in maternal responsiveness in three societies: Evidence from Fiji, Kenya and US},
	journal = {Child Development},
	volume = { 87},
	number = {3},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {700-11},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cdev.12501/abstract},
	author = {Broesch, T. and Rochat, P. and Olah, K. and Broesch, J. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644406,
	title = {The When and Who of Social Learning and Conformist Transmission},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {37},
	number = {1},
	year = {2016},
	month = {2015},
	pages = {10-20},
	author = {Muthukrishna, Michael and Morgan, Thomas Joshua Henry and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {ZengRong2015Ceot,
	title = {Cultural evolution over the last 40 years in China: Using the Google Ngram Viewer to study implications of social and political change for cultural values},
	journal = {International journal of psychology},
	volume = {50},
	number = {1},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {47{\textendash}55},
	publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
	address = {Oxford, UK},
	abstract = {Chinese people have held collectivistic values such as obligation, giving to other people, obedience and sacrifice of personal interests for thousands of years. In recent decades, China has undergone rapid economic development and urbanisation. This study investigates changing cultural values in China from 1970 to 2008 and the relationship of changing values to ecological shifts. The conceptual framework for the study was Greenfield{\textquoteright}s (2009) theory of social change and human development. Changing frequencies of contrasting Chinese words indexing individualistic or collectivistic values show that values shift along with ecological changes (urbanisation, economic development and enrollment in higher education), thereby adapting to current sociodemographic contexts. Words indexing adaptive individualistic values increased in frequency between 1970 and 2008. In contrast, words indexing less adaptive collectivistic values either decreased in frequency in this same period of time or else rose more slowly than words indexing contrasting individualistic values.},
	keywords = {Big Data, China, collectivism, Cultural change, Cultural Characteristics, Cultural Evolution, Economic Development, Education, Google Ngram Viewer, Humans, Individualism, Individuality, Language, Politics, SOCIAL change, Social Values, Terminology as Topic, Urbanisation, Urbanization},
	issn = {0020-7594},
	author = {Zeng, Rong and Greenfield, Patricia M}
}
@article {WeinstockMichael2015SCaV,
	title = {Societal Change and Values in Arab Communities in Israel: Intergenerational and Rural{\textendash}Urban Comparisons},
	journal = {Journal of cross-cultural psychology},
	volume = {46},
	number = {1},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {19{\textendash}38},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications},
	address = {Los Angeles, CA},
	abstract = {This study tested and extended Greenfield{\textquoteright}s theory of social change and human development to adolescent development in Arab communities in Israel undergoing rapid social change. The theory views sociodemographic changes{\textemdash}such as contact with an ethnically diverse urban setting and spread of technology{\textemdash}as driving changes in cultural values. In one research design, we compared three generations, high school girls, their mothers, and their grandmothers, in their responses to value-assessment scenarios. In a second research design, we compared girls going to high school in an ethnically diverse city with girls going to school in a village. As predicted by the theory, a t test and ANOVA revealed that both urban life and membership in the youngest generation were significantly related to more individualistic and gender-egalitarian values. Regression analysis and a bootstrapping mediation analysis showed that the mechanism of change in both cases was possession of mobile technologies.},
	keywords = {Analysis, Arabs, Cultural psychology, evaluation, Intergenerational relations, Palestinian Arabs {\textendash} Israel {\textendash} Social conditions, SOCIAL change, Social change {\textendash} Israel},
	issn = {0022-0221},
	author = {Weinstock, Michael and Ganayiem, Maysam and Igbaryia, Rana and Manago, Adriana M and Greenfield, Patricia M}
}
@inbook {644446,
	title = {Cultural Evolution},
	booktitle = {The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2015},
	publisher = {John Wiley and Sons},
	organization = {John Wiley and Sons},
	edition = {2nd},
	chapter = {30},
	author = {Chudek, Maciej. and Muthukrishna, Michael and Henrich, Joseph},
	editor = {Buss, David M.}
}
@article {644421,
	title = {The Big Man Mechanism: how prestige fosters cooperation and creates prosocial leaders},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B},
	volume = {370},
	number = {1683},
	year = {2015},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Chudek, Maciej and Boyd, Robert}
}
@article {644426,
	title = {Culture and social behavior},
	journal = {Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {84-89},
	author = {Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644436,
	title = {The expression and adaptive significance of pregnancy-related nausea, vomiting, and aversions on Yasawa Island, Fiji},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {36},
	number = {2},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {95-102},
	author = {L. McKerracher and M. Collard and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644431,
	title = {Moral parochialism and contextual contingency across seven societies},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society B},
	volume = {282},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {20150907},
	author = {Fessler, D. M. T. and H. C. Barret and Kanovsky, M. and Stich, S. and C. Holbrook and Henrich, J. and A. H. Bolyanatz and M. M. Gervais and Gurven, M. and Kushnick, G. and A. C. Pisor and von Rueden, C. and Laurence, S.}
}
@article {644451,
	title = {Reasoning about cultural and genetic transmission: Developmental and cross-cultural evidence from Peru, Fiji, and the US on how people make inferences about trait and identity transmission},
	journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {295-610},
	author = {Moya, C. and Boyd, R. and Henrich, J.}
}
@book {644441,
	title = {The Secret of Our Success: How culture is driving human evolution, domesticating our species, and making us smart},
	year = {2015},
	publisher = {Princeton University Press},
	organization = {Princeton University Press},
	address = {Princeton, NJ},
	abstract = {Humans are a puzzling species. On the one hand, we struggle to survive on our own in the wild, often unable to solve basic problems, like obtaining food, building shelters or avoiding predators. On the other hand, human groups have produced innovative technologies, sophisticated languages, and complex institutions that have permitted us to successfully expand into environments across the globe. What has enabled us to dominate such a vast range of environments, more than any other species? The\&nbsp;Secret of Our Success\&nbsp;lies not in our innate intelligence, but in our collective brains{\textemdash}in the ability of human groups to socially interconnect and to learn from one another.

Drawing insights from lost European explorers, clever chimpanzees, hunter-gatherers, neuroscientists, ancient bones, and the human genome, Joseph Henrich demonstrates how our collective brains have propelled our species{\textquoteright} genetic evolution, and shaped our biology. Our early capacities for learning from others produced many innovations, such as fire, cooking, water containers, plant knowledge and projectile weapons, which in turn drove the expansion of our brains and altered our physiology, anatomy and psychology in crucial ways. Further on, some collective brains generated and recombined powerful concepts, such as the lever, wheel, screw and writing. Henrich shows how our genetics and biology are inextricably interwoven with cultural evolution, and that this unique culture-gene interaction has propelled our species on a unique evolutionary trajectory.

Tracking clues from our ancient past to the present,\&nbsp;The Secret of Our Success\&nbsp;explores how our cultural and social natures produce a collective intelligence that explains both our species striking uniqueness and odd peculiarities.

Visit the book website\&nbsp;here.},
	url = {http://press.princeton.edu/titles/10543.html},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644416,
	title = {Transmission and development of costly punishment in children},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {36},
	year = {2015},
	month = {3//},
	pages = {86-94},
	abstract = {Evolutionary theorists argue that cultural evolution has harnessed various aspects of our evolved psychology to create a variety of different mechanisms for sustaining social norms, including those related to large-scale cooperation. One of these mechanisms, costly punishment, has emerged in experiments as an effective means to sustain cooperation in some societies. If this view is correct, individuals{\textquoteright} willingness to engage in the costly punishment of norm violators should be culturally transmittable, and applicable to both prosocial and anti-social behaviors (to any social norm). Since much existing work shows that norm-based prosocial behavior in experiments develops substantially during early and middle childhood, we tested 245 3- to 8-year olds in a simplified third party punishment game to investigate whether children would imitate a model{\textquoteright}s decision to punish, at a personal cost, both unequal and equal offers. Our study showed that children, regardless of their age, imitate the costly punishment of both equal and unequal offers, and the rates of imitation increase (not decrease) with age. However, only older children imitate not-punishing for both equal and unequal offers. These findings highlight the potential role of cultural transmission in the stabilization or de-stabilization of costly punishment in a population.},
	keywords = {Children, cooperation, costly punishment, cultural transmission},
	isbn = {1090-5138},
	author = {Salali, Gul Deniz and Juda, Myriam and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {ParkHeejung2014TGRI,
	title = {The Great Recession: Implications for Adolescent Values and Behavior},
	journal = {Social psychological \& personality science},
	volume = {5},
	number = {3},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {310{\textendash}318},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications},
	address = {Los Angeles, CA},
	abstract = {Based on Greenfield{\textquoteright}s theory of social change and human development, we predicted that adolescents{\textquoteright} values, behaviors, and self-assessments would become more collectivistic and less individualistic during the Great Recession (2008{\textendash}2010) compared to the prerecession period (2004-2006), thereby reversing long-term trends from the 1970s. Data came from Monitoring the Future, a nationally representative yearly survey of 12th graders. Concern for others and environmentalism increased from the prerecession period to recession, reversing long-term declines. Long-term trends toward increasing materialism partially reversed: Wanting a job making lots of money continued to increase, the increase in the importance of money leveled off, and the increase in desiring to own expensive material items reversed. Long-term trends toward increasingly positive self-views continued. Correlations with economic indicators (median income, employment rate) over the entire time period (1976{\textendash}2010) showed that collectivism was high and individualism was low during times of economic deprivation, consistent with Greenfield{\textquoteright}s theory.},
	issn = {1948-5506},
	author = {Park, Heejung and Twenge, Jean M and Greenfield, Patricia M}
}
@inbook {644476,
	title = {Chapter 2: Theoretical Foundations{\textemdash}The Coevolution of Social Norms, Intrinsic Motivation, Markets, and the Institutions of Complex Societies.},
	booktitle = { In Experimenting with Social Norms: Fairness and Punishment in Cross-Cultural Perspective},
	year = {2014},
	publisher = {Russell Sage Press},
	organization = {Russell Sage Press},
	address = {New York},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Ensminger, J.},
	editor = {Ensminger, J. and Henrich, J.}
}
@inbook {644481,
	title = {Chapter 3: Cross-Cultural Experimental Methods, Sites, and Variables.},
	booktitle = {Experimenting with Social Norms: Fairness and Punishment in Cross-Cultural Perspective.},
	year = {2014},
	publisher = {Russell Sage Press},
	organization = {Russell Sage Press},
	address = {New York},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Ensminger, J.},
	editor = {Ensminger, J. and Henrich, J.}
}
@inbook {644486,
	title = {Chapter 4: Empirical Results{\textemdash}Markets, Community Size, Religion and the Nature of Human Sociality},
	booktitle = {Experimenting with Social Norms: Fairness and Punishment in Cross-Cultural Perspective},
	year = {2014},
	publisher = {Russell Sage Press},
	organization = {Russell Sage Press},
	address = {New York},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Ensminger, J.},
	editor = {Ensminger, J. and Henrich, J.}
}
@inbook {644496,
	title = {Fairness without punishment: behavioral experiments in the Yasawa Island, Fiji},
	booktitle = {Experimenting with Social Norms: Fairness and Punishment in Cross-Cultural Perspective},
	year = {2014},
	publisher = {Russell Sage Press},
	organization = {Russell Sage Press},
	address = {New York},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Henrich, N.},
	editor = {Ensminger, J. and Henrich, J.}
}
@inbook {644501,
	title = {Introduction},
	booktitle = {Experimenting with Social Norms: Fairness and Punishment in Cross-Cultural Perspectiv},
	year = {2014},
	publisher = {Russell Sage Press},
	organization = {Russell Sage Press},
	address = {New York},
	author = {Ensminger, Jean and Henrich, J.},
	editor = {Ensminger, Jean and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644491,
	title = {Adaptive Content Biases in Learning about Animals Across the Lifecourse},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {181-199},
	author = {Broesch, J. and Henrich, J. and Barrett, H. C.}
}
@book {644466,
	title = {Experimenting with Social Norms: Fairness and Punishment in Cross-Cultural Perspective},
	year = {2014},
	publisher = {Russell Sage Press},
	organization = {Russell Sage Press},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {Questions about the origins of human cooperation have long puzzled and divided scientists. Social norms that foster fair-minded behavior, altruism and collective action undergird the foundations of large-scale human societies, but we know little about how these norms develop or spread, or why the intensity and breadth of human cooperation varies among different populations. What is the connection between social norms that encourage fair dealing and economic growth? How are these social norms related to the emergence of centralized institutions? Informed by a pioneering set of cross-cultural data,\&nbsp;Experimenting with Social Norms\&nbsp;advances our understanding of the evolution of human cooperation and the expansion of complex societies.
Editors Jean Ensminger and Joseph Henrich present evidence from an exciting collaboration between anthropologists and economists. Using experimental economics games, researchers examined levels of fairness, cooperation, and norms for punishing those who violate expectations of equality across a diverse swath of societies, from hunter-gatherers in Tanzania to a small town in rural Missouri. These experiments tested individuals{\textquoteright} willingness to conduct mutually beneficial transactions with strangers that reap rewards only at the expense of taking a risk on the cooperation of others. The results show a robust relationship between exposure to market economies and social norms that benefit the group over narrow economic self-interest. Levels of fairness and generosity are generally higher among individuals in communities with more integrated markets. Religion also plays a powerful role. Individuals practicing either Islam or Christianity exhibited a stronger sense of fairness, possibly because religions with high moralizing deities, equipped with ample powers to reward and punish, encourage greater prosociality. The size of the settlement also had an impact. People in larger communities were more willing to punish unfairness compared to those in smaller societies. Taken together, the volume supports the hypothesis that social norms evolved over thousands of years to allow strangers in more complex and large settlements to coexist, trade and prosper.
Innovative and ambitious,\&nbsp;Experimenting with Social Norms\&nbsp;synthesizes an unprecedented analysis of social behavior from an immense range of human societies. The fifteen case studies analyzed in this volume, which include field experiments in Africa, South America, New Guinea, Siberia and the United States, are available for free download on the Foundation{\textquoteright}s website.},
	url = {https://www.russellsage.org/publications/experimenting-social-norms},
	editor = {Ensminger, J. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644461,
	title = {Impartial Institutions, Pathogen Stress and the Expanding Social Network},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {567-579},
	abstract = {Anthropologists have documented substantial cross-society variation in people{\textquoteright}s willingness to treat strangers with impartial, universal norms versus favoring members of their local community. Researchers have proposed several adaptive accounts for these differences. One variant of the pathogen stress hypothesis predicts that people will be more likely to favor local in-group members when they are under greater infectious disease threat. The material security hypothesis instead proposes that institutions that permit people to meet their basic needs through impartial interactions with strangers reinforce a tendency toward impartiality, whereas people lacking such institutions must rely on local community members to meet their basic needs. Some studies have examined these hypotheses using self-reported preferences, but not with behavioral measures. We conducted behavioral experiments in eight diverse societies that measure individuals{\textquoteright} willingness to favor in-group members by ignoring an impartial rule. Consistent with the material security hypothesis, members of societies enjoying better-quality government services and food security show a stronger preference for following an impartial rule over investing in their local in-group. Our data show no support for the pathogen stress hypothesis as applied to favoring in-groups and instead suggest that favoring in-group members more closely reflects a general adaptive fit with social institutions that have arisen in each society.},
	keywords = {cooperation, cross-cultural analysis, Evolution, insecurity, institutions, intergroup bias, MARKETS, parasite, parochialism, pathogen, Psychology, Punishment, Scale, society, system},
	isbn = {1045-6767},
	author = {Hruschka, D. and Efferson, C. and Jiang, T. and Falletta-Cowden, A. and Sigurdsson, S. and McNamara, R. and Sands, M. and Munira, S. and Slingerland, E. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644506,
	title = {Rice, Psychology and Innovation},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {344},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {593},
	author = {Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644511,
	title = {Supernatural punishment, in-group biases, and material insecurity: Experiments and Ethnography from Yasawa, Fiji},
	journal = {Religion, Brain \& Behavior},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1-22},
	isbn = {2153-599X},
	author = {McNamara, Rita Anne and Norenzayan, Ara and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644516,
	title = {Tackling Group-Level Traits by Starting at the Start},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {37},
	number = {3},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {256-7},
	author = {Chudek, M. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644456,
	title = {War{\textquoteright}s Enduring Effects on the Development of Egalitarian Motivations and In-Group Biases},
	journal = {Psychological Science},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {47-57},
	abstract = {In suggesting that new nations often coalesce in the decades following war, historians have posed an important psychological question: Does the experience of war generate an enduring elevation in people{\textquoteright}s egalitarian motivations toward their in-group? We administered social-choice tasks to more than 1,000 children and adults differentially affected by wars in the Republic of Georgia and Sierra Leone. We found that greater exposure to war created a lasting increase in people{\textquoteright}s egalitarian motivations toward their in-group, but not their out-groups, during a developmental window starting in middle childhood (around 7 years of age) and ending in early adulthood (around 20 years of age). Outside this window, war had no measurable impact on social motivations in young children and had only muted effects on the motivations of older adults. These war effects are broadly consistent with predictions from evolutionary approaches that emphasize the importance of group cooperation in defending against external threats, though they also highlight key areas in need of greater theoretical development.},
	keywords = {Altruism, childhood development, Children, civil-war, CONFLICT, cooperation, economic experiment, egalitarianism, Evolution, evolutionary psychology, intergroup, intergroup competition, life, parochialism, Punishment, Social Behavior, Uncertainty, War},
	isbn = {0956-7976},
	author = {Bauer, M. and Cassar, A. and Chytilova, J. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {GreenfieldPatriciaM2013TCPo,
	title = {The Changing Psychology of Culture From 1800 Through 2000},
	journal = {Psychological science},
	volume = {24},
	number = {9},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {1722{\textendash}1731},
	publisher = {SAGE Publications},
	address = {Los Angeles, CA},
	abstract = {The Google Books Ngram Viewer allows researchers to quantify culture across centuries by searching millions of books. This tool was used to test theory-based predictions about implications of an urbanizing population for the psychology of culture. Adaptation to rural environments prioritizes social obligation and duty, giving to other people, social belonging, religion in everyday life, authority relations, and physical activity. Adaptation to urban environments requires more individualistic and materialistic values; such adaptation prioritizes choice, personal possessions, and child-centered socialization in order to foster the development of psychological mindedness and the unique self. The Google Ngram Viewer generated relative frequencies of words indexing these values from the years 1800 to 2000 in American English books. As urban populations increased and rural populations declined, word frequencies moved in the predicted directions. Books published in the United Kingdom replicated this pattern. The analysis established long-term relationships between ecological change and cultural change, as predicted by the theory of social change and human development (Greenfield, 2009).},
	keywords = {19th Century, 20th Century, 21st Century, American literature, Biological and medical sciences, British literature, Censuses, Cultural Evolution - history, Cultural psychology, cultural values, Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology, history, Humans, Psychology, Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry, Psychology. Psychophysiology, Rural Population - history, Rural Population - statistics \& numerical data, Search engines, Social, Social Change - history, Social Identification, Social psychology, Social structure and organization, Synonyms, United Kingdom, United States, Urban ecology, Urban Population - history, Urban Population - statistics \& numerical data},
	issn = {0956-7976},
	author = {Greenfield, Patricia M}
}
@inbook {644571,
	title = {Culture-gene coevolutionary theory and children{\textquoteright}s selective social learning},
	booktitle = {Navigating the social world: What infants, children, and other species can teach us},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {181},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	organization = {Oxford University Press},
	address = {Oxford},
	isbn = {0199890714},
	author = {Chudek, M. and Brosseau-Liard, Patricia E and Birch, Susan and Henrich, J.},
	editor = {Mahzarin R. Banaji and Gelman, Susan A}
}
@inbook {644576,
	title = {The evolution of prosocial religions},
	booktitle = {Cultural Evolution: Society, Technology, Language and Religion},
	year = {2013},
	publisher = {MIT Press},
	organization = {MIT Press},
	address = {Cambridge},
	author = {Slingerland, Edward and Henrich, Joseph and Norenzayan, Ara},
	editor = {Peter J Richerson and Christiansen, M. H.}
}
@inbook {644591,
	title = {Religious prosociality: a synthesis},
	booktitle = {Cultural Evolution: Society, Technology, Language and Religion},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {365-380},
	publisher = {MIT Press},
	organization = {MIT Press},
	address = {Cambridge},
	author = {Norenzayan, A. and Henrich, J. and Slingerland, E.},
	editor = {Richerson, P. J. and Christiansen, M. H.}
}
@inbook {644561,
	title = {The Cultural Evolution of Technology:Facts and theories},
	booktitle = {Cultural Evolution: Society, Language, and Religion},
	series = {Strungmann Forum Reports},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2013},
	publisher = {MIT Press},
	organization = {MIT Press},
	address = {Cambridge, MA},
	author = {Boyd, R. and Richerson, P. J. and Henrich, J. and Lupp, J.},
	editor = {Richerson, P. J. and Christiansen, M. H.}
}
@inbook {644566,
	title = {Culture-Gene Coevolution, Large-Scale Cooperation and the Shaping of Human Social Psychology},
	booktitle = {Signaling, Commitment, and Emotion},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {425-458},
	publisher = {MIT Press},
	organization = {MIT Press},
	address = {Cambridge},
	author = {Chudek, M. and Zhao, Wanying and Henrich, Joseph},
	editor = {Joyce, Richard and Sterelny, Kim and Calcott, Brett}
}
@article {644551,
	title = {Chimpanzees share food for many reasons: the role of kinship, reciprocity, social bonds and harassment on food transfers},
	journal = {Animal Behaviour},
	volume = {85},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {941-947},
	author = {Silk, J. B. and Brosnan, S. F. and Henrich, J. and Lambeth, S. P. and Shapiro, S.}
}
@article {644556,
	title = {Cross-cultural evidence that the pride expression is a universal automatic status signal},
	journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology-General},
	volume = {142},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {163-180},
	author = {Tracy, J. L. and Shariff, A. F. and Zhao, W. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644531,
	title = {The development of contingent reciprocity in children},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {86-93},
	abstract = {Cooperation between nonrelatives is common in humans. Reciprocal altruism is a plausible evolutionary mechanism for cooperation within unrelated pairs, as selection may favor individuals who selectively cooperate with those who have cooperated with them in the past. Reciprocity is often observed in humans, but there is only limited evidence of reciprocal altruism in other primate species, raising questions about the origins of human reciprocity. Here, we explore how reciprocity develops in a sample of American children ranging from 3 to 7.5 years of age, and also compare children{\textquoteright}s behavior to that of chimpanzees in prior studies to gain insight into the phylogeny of human reciprocity. Children show a marked tendency to respond contingently to both prosocial and selfish acts, patterns that have not been seen among chimpanzees in prior studies. Our results show that reciprocity increases markedly with age in this population of children, and by about 5.5 years of age children consistently match the previous behavior of their partners. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc.},
	keywords = {Altruism, Child Development, chimpanzees pan-troglodytes, Cognition, cooperation, Ecology, Evolution, evolution of cooperation, food transfers, human prosociality, prosociality, Reciprocity, sharing behavior, task},
	isbn = {1090-5138},
	author = {House, B. and Henrich, J. and Sarnecka, B. and Silk, J. B.}
}
@article {644526,
	title = {Early false-belief understanding in traditional non-Western societies},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences},
	volume = {280},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Mar 22},
	abstract = {The psychological capacity to recognize that others may hold and act on false beliefs has been proposed to reflect an evolved, species-typical adaptation for social reasoning in humans; however, controversy surrounds the developmental timing and universality of this trait. Cross-cultural studies using elicited-response tasks indicate that the age at which children begin to understand false beliefs ranges from 4 to 7 years across societies, whereas studies using spontaneous-response tasks with Western children indicate that false-belief understanding emerges much earlier, consistent with the hypothesis that false-belief understanding is a psychological adaptation that is universally present in early childhood. To evaluate this hypothesis, we used three spontaneous-response tasks that have revealed early false-belief understanding in the West to test young children in three traditional, non-Western societies: Salar (China), Shuar/Colono (Ecuador) and Yasawan (Fiji). Results were comparable with those from the West, supporting the hypothesis that false-belief understanding reflects an adaptation that is universally present early in development.},
	keywords = {2-year-olds, 2.5-year-olds evidence, attribution, cultures, evolutionary psychology, false-belief understanding, human universals, infants, Knowledge, metaanalysis, mind development, others beliefs, Social cognition, tasks, Theory of Mind},
	isbn = {0962-8452},
	author = {Barrett, H. C. and Broesch, T. and Scott, R. M. and He, Z. J. and Baillargeon, R. and Wu, D. and Bolz, M. and Henrich, J. and Setoh, P. and Wang, J. X. and Laurence, S.}
}
@article {644541,
	title = {Economic and evolutionary hypotheses for cross-population variation in parochialism},
	journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013-September-1},
	type = {Review},
	abstract = {Human populations differ reliably in the degree to which people favor family, friends, and community members over strangers and outsiders. In the last decade, researchers have begun to propose several economic and evolutionary hypotheses for these cross-population differences in parochialism. In this paper, we outline major current theories and review recent attempts to test them. We also discuss the key methodological challenges in assessing these diverse economic and evolutionary theories for cross-population differences in parochialism.},
	keywords = {Religion,Institutions,Cross-cultural,closeness,Parochialism,in-group favoritism,market integration,parasite stress},
	isbn = {1662-5161},
	author = {Hruschka,Daniel Jacob and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644581,
	title = {Institutions, parasites and the persistence of in-group preferences},
	journal = {PloS One},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {e63642},
	isbn = {1932-6203},
	author = {Hruschka, Daniel J and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@booklet {644586,
	title = {Interpretative Problems with Chimpanzee Ultimatum Games[Comment on Proctor et. al.]},
	journal = {PNAS},
	volume = {110},
	number = {33},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {E3049},
	url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2250049},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Silk, J. B.}
}
@article {644521,
	title = {Ontogeny of prosocial behavior across diverse societies},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	volume = {110},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Sep 3},
	pages = {14586-14591},
	abstract = {Humans are an exceptionally cooperative species, but there is substantial variation in the extent of cooperation across societies. Understanding the sources of this variability may provide insights about the forces that sustain cooperation. We examined the ontogeny of prosocial behavior by studying 326 children 3-14 y of age and 120 adults from six societies (age distributions varied across societies). These six societies span a wide range of extant human variation in culture, geography, and subsistence strategies, including foragers, herders, horticulturalists, and urban dwellers across the Americas, Oceania, and Africa. When delivering benefits to others was personally costly, rates of prosocial behavior dropped across all six societies as children approached middle childhood and then rates of prosociality diverged as children tracked toward the behavior of adults in their own societies. When prosocial acts did not require personal sacrifice, prosocial responses increased steadily as children matured with little variation in behavior across societies. Our results are consistent with theories emphasizing the importance of acquired cultural norms in shaping costly forms of cooperation and creating cross-cultural diversity.},
	keywords = {Altruism, chimpanzees, cooperation, development, Evolution, Fairness, gene-culture coevolution, perspective, population differences, Punishment, recipient, toddlers, young-children},
	isbn = {0027-8424},
	author = {House, B. R. and Silk, J. B. and Henrich, J. and Barrett, H. C. and Scelza, B. A. and Boyette, A. H. and Hewlett, B. S. and McElreath, R. and Laurence, S.}
}
@article {644596,
	title = {Sociality influences cultural complexity},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences},
	volume = {281},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {20132511},
	isbn = {0962-8452},
	author = {Muthukrishna, Michael and Shulman, Ben W and Vasilescu, Vlad and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644536,
	title = {Teaching and the Life History of Cultural Transmission in Fijian Villages},
	journal = {Human Nature-an Interdisciplinary Biosocial Perspective},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2013},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {351-374},
	abstract = {Much existing literature in anthropology suggests that teaching is rare in non-Western societies, and that cultural transmission is mostly vertical (parent-to-offspring). However, applications of evolutionary theory to humans predict both teaching and non-vertical transmission of culturally learned skills, behaviors, and knowledge should be common cross-culturally. Here, we review this body of theory to derive predictions about when teaching and non-vertical transmission should be adaptive, and thus more likely to be observed empirically. Using three interviews conducted with rural Fijian populations, we find that parents are more likely to teach than are other kin types, high-skill and highly valued domains are more likely to be taught, and oblique transmission is associated with high-skill domains, which are learned later in life. Finally, we conclude that the apparent conflict between theory and empirical evidence is due to a mismatch of theoretical hypotheses and empirical claims across disciplines, and we reconcile theory with the existing literature in light of our results.},
	keywords = {Adaptation, Animals, bias, childhood, Children, cultural transmission, EMERGENCE, Evolution, humanevolution, Learning, paradox, social-learning strategies, Teaching, world},
	isbn = {1045-6767},
	author = {Kline, M. A. and Boyd, R. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644546,
	title = {Two Ways to the Top: Evidence That Dominance and Prestige Are Distinct Yet Viable Avenues to Social Rank and Influence},
	journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
	volume = {104},
	number = {1},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {103-125},
	author = {J. T. Cheng and Tracy, J. L. and T. Foulsham and A. Kingstone and Henrich, J.}
}
@webarticle {644641,
	title = {Too late: models of cultural evolution and group selection have already proved useful},
	journal = {Edge: The False Allure of Group Selection},
	volume = {2015},
	year = {2012},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph},
	editor = {Pinker, Steven}
}
@article {644631,
	title = {Adaptive social learning strategies in temporally and spatially varying environments},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {386-418},
	isbn = {1045-6767},
	author = {Nakahashi, Wataru and Wakano, Joe Yuichiro and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644611,
	title = {Culture does account for variation in game behavior},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	volume = {109},
	year = {2012},
	month = {Jan 10},
	pages = {E32-E33},
	keywords = {Punishment},
	isbn = {0027-8424},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Boyd, R. and McElreath, R. and Gurven, M. and Richerson, P. J. and Ensminger, J. and Alvard, M. and Barr, A. and Barrett, C. and Bolyanatz, A. and Camerer, C. F. and Cardenas, J. C. and Fehr, E. and Gintis, H. M. and Gil-White, F. and Gwako, E. L. and Henrich, N. and Hill, K. and Lesorogol, C. and Patton, J. Q. and Marlowe, F. W. and Tracer, D. P. and Ziker, J.}
}
@article {644606,
	title = {Hunter-gatherer cooperation},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {481},
	year = {2012},
	month = {Jan 26},
	pages = {449-450},
	isbn = {0028-0836},
	author = {Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644601,
	title = {The ontogeny of human prosociality: behavioral experiments with children aged 3 to 8},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2012},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {291-308},
	abstract = {Humans regularly engage in prosocial behavior that differs strikingly from that of even our closest living relatives, the chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). In laboratory settings, chimpanzees are indifferent when given the opportunity to deliver valued rewards to conspecifics, while even very young human children have repeatedly been shown to behave prosocially. Although this broadly suggests that prosocial behavior in chimpanzees differs from that of young human children, the methods used in prior work with children have also differed from the methods used in studies of chimpanzees in potentially crucial ways. Here we test 92 pairs of 3-8-year-old children from urban American (Los Angeles, CA, USA) schools in a face-to-face task that closely parallels tasks used previously with chimpanzees. We found that children were more prosocial than chimpanzees have previously been in similar tasks, and our results suggest that this was driven more by a desire to provide benefits to others than a preference for egalitarian outcomes. We did not find consistent evidence that older children were more prosocial than younger children, implying that younger children behaved more prosocially in the current study than in previous studies in which participants were fully anonymous. These findings strongly suggest that humans are more prosocial than chimpanzees from an early age and that anonymity influences children{\textquoteright}s prosocial behavior, particularly at the youngest ages. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {altruistic punishment, Children, chimpanzees, chimpanzees pan-troglodytes, cooperation, development, Evolution, Fairness, Food, national-park, prosocial behavior, unrelated group members, wild chimpanzees, young-children},
	isbn = {1090-5138},
	author = {House, B. R. and Henrich, J. and Brosnan, S. F. and Silk, J. B.}
}
@article {644626,
	title = {Outsourcing punishment to God: beliefs in divine control reduce earthly punishment},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Science},
	volume = {279},
	year = {2012},
	month = {Aug 22},
	pages = {3272-3281},
	abstract = {The sanctioning of norm-transgressors is a necessary-though often costly-task for maintaining a well-functioning society. Prior to effective and reliable secular institutions for punishment, large-scale societies depended on individuals engaging in {\textquoteright}altruistic punishment{\textquoteright}-bearing the costs of punishment individually, for the benefit of society. Evolutionary approaches to religion suggest that beliefs in powerful, moralizing Gods, who can distribute rewards and punishments, emerged as a way to augment earthly punishment in large societies that could not effectively monitor norm violations. In five studies, we investigate whether such beliefs in God can replace people{\textquoteright}s motivation to engage in altruistic punishment, and their support for state-sponsored punishment. Results show that, although religiosity generally predicts higher levels of punishment, the specific belief in powerful, intervening Gods reduces altruistic punishment and support for state-sponsored punishment. Moreover, these effects are specifically owing to differences in people{\textquoteright}s perceptions that humans are responsible for punishing wrongdoers.},
	keywords = {altruistic punishment, Behavior, cooperation, Cultural Evolution, Evolution, Fairness, MARKETS, people, public-goods, Punishment, Religion, support},
	isbn = {0962-8452},
	author = {Laurin, K. and Shariff, A. F. and Henrich, J. and Kay, A. C.}
}
@article {644616,
	title = {Prestige-biased cultural learning: bystander{\textquoteright}s differential attention to potential models influences children{\textquoteright}s learning},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Margo Wilson Award winner},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {46-56},
	abstract = {Reasoning about the evolution of our species{\textquoteright} capacity for cumulative cultural learning has led culture gene coevolutionary (CGC) theorists to predict that humans should possess several learning biases which robustly enhance the fitness of cultural learners. Meanwhile, developmental psychologists have begun using experimental procedures to probe the learning biases that young children actually possess - a methodology ripe for testing CGC. Here we report the first direct tests in children of CGC{\textquoteright}s prediction of prestige bias, a tendency to learn from individuals to whom others have preferentially attended, learned or deferred. Our first study showed that the odds of 3- and 4-year-old children learning from an adult model to whom bystanders had previously preferentially attended for 10 seconds (the prestigious model) were over twice those of their learning from a model whom bystanders ignored. Moreover, this effect appears domain-sensitive: in Study 2 when bystanders preferentially observed a prestigious model using artifacts, she was learned from more often on subsequent artifact-use tasks (odds almost five times greater) but not on food-preference tasks, while the reverse was true of a model who received preferential bystander attention while expressing food preferences. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Children, Cognition, conformist transmission, credibility, Evolution, ignorant, infants, Learning, nonverbal cues, prestige bias, Reliability, selective imitation, sensitivity, social information},
	isbn = {1090-5138},
	author = {Chudek, M. and Heller, S. and Birch, S. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644636,
	title = {The puzzle of monogamous marriage},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences},
	volume = {367},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {657-669},
	isbn = {0962-8436},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Boyd, Robert and Peter J Richerson}
}
@article {644646,
	title = {Tribal Social Instincts and the Cultural Evolution of Institutions to Solve Collective Action Problems},
	journal = {Cliodynamics},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {38-80},
	author = {Richerson, Peter J. and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644621,
	title = {Understanding the research program},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2012},
	month = {Feb},
	abstract = {The target article misunderstands the research program it criticizes. The work of Boyd, Richerson, Fehr, Gintis, Bowles and their collaborators has long included the theoretical and empirical study of models both with and without diffuse costly punishment. In triaging the situation, we aim to (1) clarify the theoretical landscape, (2) highlight key points of agreement, and (3) suggest a more productive line of debate.},
	keywords = {altruistic punishment, behavioral-experiments, cooperation, defectors, Evolution, perspective, small-scale societies},
	isbn = {0140-525X},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Chudek, M.}
}
@article {644656,
	title = {The cultural niche: Why social learning is essential for human adaptation},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	volume = {108},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {10918-10925},
	isbn = {0027-8424},
	author = {Boyd, Robert and Peter J Richerson and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644661,
	title = {The cultural transmission of faith: Why innate intuitions are necessary, but insufficient, to explain religious belief},
	journal = {Religion},
	volume = {41},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {389-410},
	isbn = {0048-721X},
	author = {Gervais, Will M and Willard, Aiyana K and Norenzayan, Ara and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644666,
	title = {Culture{\textendash}gene coevolution, norm-psychology and the emergence of human prosociality},
	journal = {Trends in cognitive sciences},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {218-226},
	isbn = {1364-6613},
	author = {Chudek, Maciej and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644671,
	title = {On the nature of cultural transmission networks: evidence from Fijian villages for adaptive learning biases},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences},
	volume = {366},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {1139-1148},
	isbn = {0962-8436},
	url = {http://www2.psych.ubc.ca/~henrich/audiofiles/Henrich\%20Royal\%20Society\%20talk.mp3},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Broesch, James}
}
@article {644651,
	title = {Rapid cultural adaptation can facilitate the evolution of large-scale cooperation},
	journal = {Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology},
	volume = {65},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {431-444},
	abstract = {Over the past several decades, we have argued that cultural evolution can facilitate the evolution of large-scale cooperation because it often leads to more rapid adaptation than genetic evolution, and, when multiple stable equilibria exist, rapid adaptation leads to variation among groups. Recently, Lehmann, Feldman, and colleagues have published several papers questioning this argument. They analyze models showing that cultural evolution can actually reduce the range of conditions under which cooperation can evolve and interpret these models as indicating that we were wrong to conclude that culture facilitated the evolution of human cooperation. In the main, their models assume that rates of cultural adaption are not strong enough compared to migration to maintain persistent variation among groups when payoffs create multiple stable equilibria. We show that Lehmann et al. reach different conclusions because they have made different assumptions. We argue that the assumptions that underlie our models are more consistent with the empirical data on large-scale cultural variation in humans than those of Lehmann et al., and thus, our models provide a more plausible account of the cultural evolution of human cooperation in large groups.},
	keywords = {Altruism, altruistic punishment, behaviors, conformist transmission, cooperation, Culture, dynamics, EMERGENCE, Environment, group selection, norms, Population, strategies},
	isbn = {0340-5443},
	author = {Boyd, R. and Richerson, P. J. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644686,
	title = {Beyond WEIRD: Towards a Broad-based Behavioral Science},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {111-135},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Heine, S. J. and Norenzayan, A.}
}
@article {644691,
	title = {Cultural Variations in Children{\textquoteright}s Mirror Self-Recognition},
	journal = {Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {1019-1031},
	abstract = {Western children first show signs of mirror self-recognition (MSR) from 18 to 24 months of age, the benchmark index of emerging self-concept. Such signs include self-oriented behaviors while looking at the mirror to touch or remove a mark surreptitiously placed on the child{\textquoteright}s face. The authors attempted to replicate this finding across cultures using a simplified version of the classic {\textquotedblleft}mark test.{\textquotedblright} In Experiment 1, Kenyan children (N = 82, 18 to 72 months old) display a pronounced absence of spontaneous self-oriented behaviors toward the mark. In Experiment 2, the authors tested children in Fiji, Saint Lucia, Grenada, and Peru (N = 133, 36 to 55 months old), as well as children from urban United States and rural Canada. As expected from existing reports, a majority of the Canadian and American children demonstrate spontaneous self-oriented behaviors toward the mark. However, markedly fewer children from the non-Western rural sites demonstrate such behaviors. These results suggest that there are profound cross-cultural differences in the meaning of the MSR test, questioning the validity of the mark test as a universal index of self-concept in children{\textquoteright}s development.},
	author = {Broesch, Tanya Lynn and Callaghan, Tara and Henrich, Joseph and Murphy, Christine and Rochat, Philippe}
}
@article {644696,
	title = {The evolution of cultural adaptations: Fijian food taboos protect against dangerous marine toxins},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences},
	volume = {277},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {3715-3724},
	isbn = {0962-8452},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Henrich, Natalie}
}
@article {644701,
	title = {The Evolution of Religion: How Cognitive By-Products, Adaptive Learning Heuristics, Ritual Displays, and Group Competition Generate Deep Commitments to Prosocial Religions},
	journal = {Biological Theory},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {1-13},
	author = {Atran, S. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644706,
	title = {Gaze Allocation in a Dynamic Social Situation of Social Status and Speaking},
	journal = {Cognition},
	volume = {117},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {319-331},
	author = {Foulsham, Thomas and Cheng, Joey and Tracy, Jessica and Henrich, Joseph and Kingstone, Alan}
}
@article {644676,
	title = {Gene-culture coevolution in the age of genomics},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	volume = {107},
	year = {2010},
	month = {May 11, 2010},
	pages = {8985-8992},
	abstract = {The use of socially learned information (culture) is central to human adaptations. We investigate the hypothesis that the process of cultural evolution has played an active, leading role in the evolution of genes. Culture normally evolves more rapidly than genes, creating novel environments that expose genes to new selective pressures. Many human genes that have been shown to be under recent or current selection are changing as a result of new environments created by cultural innovations. Some changed in response to the development of agricultural subsistence systems in the Early and Middle Holocene. Alleles coding for adaptations to diets rich in plant starch (e.g., amylase copy number) and to epidemic diseases evolved as human populations expanded (e.g., sickle cell and deficiency alleles that provide protection against malaria). Large-scale scans using patterns of linkage disequilibrium to detect recent selection suggest that many more genes evolved in response to agriculture. Genetic change in response to the novel social environment of contemporary modern societies is also likely to be occurring. The functional effects of most of the alleles under selection during the last 10,000 years are currently unknown. Also unknown is the role of paleoenvironmental change in regulating the tempo of hominin evolution. Although the full extent of culture-driven gene-culture coevolution is thus far unknown for the deeper history of the human lineage, theory and some evidence suggest that such effects were profound. Genomic methods promise to have a major impact on our understanding of gene-culture coevolution over the span of hominin evolutionary history.},
	author = {Richerson, P. J. and Boyd, R. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644711,
	title = {Market, religion, community size and the evolution of fairness and punishment},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {327},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Dataset},
	pages = {1480-1484},
	url = {http://www2.psych.ubc.ca/~henrich/audiofiles/Markets,\%20religion,\%20community\%20size\%20and\%20the\%20evolution\%20of\%20fariness\%20and\%20punishment\%20-\%20audio.mp3},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Ensminger, J. and McElreath, R. and Barr, A. and Barrett, C. and Bolyanatz, A. and Cardenas, J. C. and Gurven, M. and Gwako, E. and Henrich, N. and Lesorogol, C. and Marlowe, F. and Tracer, D. P. and Ziker, J.}
}
@article {644681,
	title = {Most people are not WEIRD},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {466},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jul 1},
	pages = {29-29},
	isbn = {0028-0836},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Heine, S. J. and Norenzayan, A.}
}
@article {644716,
	title = {Pride, personality, and the evolutionary foundations of human social status},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {334-347},
	isbn = {1090-5138},
	author = {Cheng, Joey T and Tracy, Jessica L and Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644721,
	title = {The weirdest people in the world?},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {61-83},
	isbn = {1469-1825},
	url = {http://www2.psych.ubc.ca/~henrich/audiofiles/WEIRD1.mp3},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Heine, Steven J and Norenzayan, Ara}
}
@article {644726,
	title = {The Zeus Problem:Why Representational Content Biases Cannot Explain Faith in Gods},
	journal = {Journal of Cognition and Culture},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {383-389},
	author = {Gervais, W. and Henrich, J.}
}
@inbook {644741,
	title = {The Birth of High Gods: How the cultural evolution of supernatural policing agents influenced the emgerence of complex, cooperative human societies, paving the way for civilization},
	booktitle = {Evolution, Culture and the Human Mind},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {119-136},
	publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
	organization = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
	author = {Shariff, A. and Norenzayan, A. and Henrich, J.},
	editor = {Schaller, Mark and Norenzayan, Ara and Heine, Steve and Yamaguishi, Toshi and Kameda, Tatsuya}
}
@article {644731,
	title = {Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) do not develop contingent reciprocity in an experimental task},
	journal = {Animal Cognition},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {587-597},
	abstract = {Chimpanzees provide help to unrelated individuals in a broad range of situations. The pattern of helping within pairs suggests that contingent reciprocity may have been an important mechanism in the evolution of altruism in chimpanzees. However, correlational analyses of the cumulative pattern of interactions over time do not demonstrate that helping is contingent upon previous acts of altruism, as required by the theory of reciprocal altruism. Experimental studies provide a controlled approach to examine the importance of contingency in helping interactions. In this study, we evaluated whether chimpanzees would be more likely to provide food to a social partner from their home group if their partner had previously provided food for them. The chimpanzees manipulated a barpull apparatus in which actors could deliver rewards either to themselves and their partners or only to themselves. Our findings indicate that the chimpanzees{\textquoteright} responses were not consistently influenced by the behavior of their partners in previous rounds. Only one of the 11 dyads that we tested demonstrated positive reciprocity. We conclude that contingent reciprocity does not spontaneously arise in experimental settings, despite the fact that patterns of behavior in the field indicate that individuals cooperate preferentially with reciprocating partners.},
	keywords = {Altruism, Behavior, capuchin monkeys, chimpanzee, cooperation, Evolution, food transfer, national-park, other-regarding behavior, Pan troglodytes, prosocial behavior, Reciprocity, saguinus-oedipus, unrelated group members, wild chimpanzees},
	isbn = {1435-9448},
	author = {Brosnan, S. F. and Silk, J. B. and Henrich, J. and Mareno, M. C. and Lambeth, S. P. and Schapiro, S. J.}
}
@article {644736,
	title = {Constraining free riding in public goods games: designated solitary punishers can sustain human cooperation},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences},
	volume = {276},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jan 22},
	pages = {323-329},
	abstract = {Much of human cooperation remains an evolutionary riddle. Unlike other animals, people frequently cooperate with non-relatives in large groups. Evolutionary models of large-scale cooperation require not just incentives for cooperation, but also a credible disincentive for free riding. Various theoretical solutions have been proposed and experimentally explored, including reputation monitoring and diffuse punishment. Here, we empirically examine an alternative theoretical proposal: responsibility for punishment can be borne by one specific individual. This experiment shows that allowing a single individual to punish increases cooperation to the same level as allowing each group member to punish and results in greater group profits. These results suggest a potential key function of leadership in human groups and provides further evidence supporting that humans will readily and knowingly behave altruistically.},
	keywords = {Altruism, altruistic punishment, cooperation, costly punishment, enforcement, evolutionary origins, followership, free riding, indirect reciprocity, Leadership, provision, Punishment, societies, Transmission},
	isbn = {0962-8452},
	author = {O{\textquoteright}Gorman, R. and Henrich, J. and Van Vugt, M.}
}
@article {644746,
	title = {The evolution of costly displays, cooperation and religion: Credibility enhancing displays and their implications for cultural evolution},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {244-260},
	isbn = {1090-5138},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph}
}
@inbook {644751,
	title = {The Evolution of Innovation-Enhancing Institutions},
	booktitle = {Innovation in Cultural Systems: Contributions in Evolution Anthropology},
	year = {2009},
	publisher = {MIT},
	organization = {MIT},
	address = {Cambridge},
	author = {Henrich, J.},
	editor = {Shennan, Stephen J. and O{\textquoteright}Brien, Michael J.}
}
@article {644761,
	title = {Chimpanzees do not take advantage of very low cost opportunities to deliver food to unrelated group members},
	journal = {Animal Behaviour},
	volume = {75},
	year = {2008},
	month = {May},
	pages = {1757-1770},
	abstract = {We conducted experiments on two populations of chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, to determine whether they would take advantage of opportunities to provide food rewards to familiar group members at little cost to themselves. In both of the experiments described here, chimpanzees were able to deliver identical rewards to themselves and to other members of their social groups. We compared the chimpanzees{\textquoteright} behaviour when they were paired with another chimpanzee and when they were alone. If chimpanzees are motivated to provide benefits to others, they are expected to consistently deliver rewards to others and to distinguish between the partner-present and partner-absent conditions. Results from both experiments indicate that our subjects were largely indifferent to the benefits they could provide to others. They were less likely to provide rewards to potential recipients as the experiment progressed, and all but one of the 18 subjects were as likely to deliver rewards to an empty enclosure as to an enclosure housing another chimpanzee. These results, in conjunction with similar results obtained in previous experiments, suggest that chimpanzees are not motivated by prosocial sentiments to provide food rewards to other group members. The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd.},
	keywords = {Altruism, chimpanzee, cooperation, Empathy, Evolution, mind, other-regarding preference, Pan troglodytes, prosocial behaviour, task, tolerance},
	isbn = {0003-3472},
	author = {Vonk, J. and Brosnan, S. F. and Silk, J. B. and Henrich, J. and Richardson, A. S. and Lambeth, S. P. and Schapiro, S. J. and Povinelli, D. J.}
}
@inbook {644771,
	title = {A cultural species},
	booktitle = {Explaining Culture Scientifically},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {184-210},
	publisher = {University of Washington Press},
	organization = {University of Washington Press},
	address = {Seattle},
	author = {Henrich, J.},
	editor = {Brown, Melissa}
}
@article {644776,
	title = {Division of labor, economic specialization, and the evolution of social stratification},
	journal = {Current Anthropology},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {715-724},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Boyd, Robert}
}
@article {644781,
	title = {Five misunderstandings about cultural evolution},
	journal = {Human Nature},
	volume = {19},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {119-137},
	isbn = {1045-6767},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Boyd, Robert and Peter J Richerson}
}
@article {644786,
	title = {More {\textquoteleft}altruistic{\textquoteright} punishment in larger societies},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences},
	volume = {275},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {587-590},
	abstract = {If individuals will cooperate with cooperators, and punish non-cooperators even at a cost to themselves, then this strong reciprocity could minimize the cheating that undermines cooperation. Based upon numerous economic experiments, some have proposed that human cooperation is explained by strong reciprocity and norm enforcement. Second-party punishment is when you punish someone who defected on you; third-party punishment is when you punish someone who defected on someone else. Third-party punishment is an effective way to enforce the norms of strong reciprocity and promote cooperation. Here we present new results that expand on a previous report from a large cross-cultural project. This project has already shown that there is considerable cross-cultural variation in punishment and cooperation. Here we test the hypothesis that population size (and complexity) predicts the level of third-party punishment. Our results show that people in larger, more complex societies engage in significantly more third-party punishment than people in small-scale societies.},
	author = {Marlowe, F. and Berbesque, J. C. and Barr, A. and Barrett, C. and Bolyanatz, A. and Cardenas, J. C. and Ensminger, J. and Gurven, M. and Gwako, E. and Henrich, J. and Henrich, N. and Lesorogol, C. and McElreath, R. and Tracer, D.}
}
@article {644766,
	title = {Strong reciprocity and the roots of human morality},
	journal = {Social Justice Research},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {241-253},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Human morality is a key evolutionary adaptation on which human social behavior has been based since the Pleistocene era. Ethical behavior is constitutive of human nature, we argue, and human morality is as important an adaptation as human cognition and speech. Ethical behavior, we assert, need not be a means toward personal gain. Because of our nature as moral beings, humans take pleasure in acting ethically and are pained when acting unethically. From an evolutionary viewpoint, we argue that ethical behavior was fitness-enhancing in the years marking the emergence of Homo sapiens because human groups with many altruists fared better than groups of selfish individuals, and the fitness losses sustained by altruists were more than compensated by the superior performance of the groups in which they congregated.},
	keywords = {Altruism, behaviors, coevolution, cooperation, enforcement, EUSOCIALITY, Evolution, human nature, morality, norms, populations, Punishment, Reciprocity, selection, sociobiology},
	isbn = {0885-7466},
	author = {Gintis, H. and Henrich, J. and Bowles, S. and Boyd, R. and Fehr, E.}
}
@inbook {644791,
	title = {Dual Inheritance Theory: The Evolution of Human Cultural Capacities and Cultural Evolution},
	booktitle = {Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {555-570},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	organization = {Oxford University Press},
	address = {Oxford},
	author = {Henrich, J. and McElreath, R.},
	editor = {Dunbar, Robin and Barrett, Louise}
}
@inbook {644796,
	title = {Modelling cultural evolution},
	booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {571-585},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	organization = {Oxford University Press},
	address = {Oxford},
	author = {McElreath, R. and Henrich. J.},
	editor = {Dunbar, R.I.M. and Barrett, Louise}
}
@book {644801,
	title = {Why Humans Cooperate: A Cultural and Evolutionary Explanation},
	year = {2007},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	organization = {Oxford University Press},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {Why Humans Cooperate\&nbsp;takes a unique look at the evolution of human cooperation and tries to answer the question: why are people willing to help others at a cost to themselves? The book brings together evolutionary theories, economic experiments, and an anthropological case study that runs throughout the book to explain and illustrate human cooperation.
Using an evolutionary framework, Natalie and Joseph Henrich have expanded upon several diverse theories for explaining cooperative or {\textquoteleft}helpful{\textquoteright} behavior, and integrated them into a unified theory. Established concepts such as kin selection and reciprocity have been linked with theories on social learning and our evolved psychologies to explain the universality of human cooperation{\textemdash}as well as the distinctive ways in which cooperative behavior expresses itself in different cultures.
The theories developed in the book are brought to life by examining the Chaldeans of metropolitan Detroit. By exploring Chaldean cooperation, theoretical concepts are shown to translate into social behavior, and universal psychologies for cooperation lead to culturally-specific norms, beliefs, and practices. The book also introduces a series of economic experiments that help us understand why, when, and to what extent people are willing to help others. These experiments also highlight the variation in behaviors across cultural groups, even when all the groups rely on the same cognitive machinery and evolved psychologies. The merging of theory, experiments, and the Chaldean case study allows for an in-depth exploration of the origins and manifestations of cooperation.},
	url = {http://www.oupcanada.com/catalog/9780195314236.html},
	author = {Henrich, N. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644811,
	title = {Cooperation, Punishment, and the Evolution of Human Institutions},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {312},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {60-61},
	author = {Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644816,
	title = {Costly Punishment Across Human Societies},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {312},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {1767-1770},
	author = {Henrich, J. and McElreath, R. and Ensminger, J. and Barr, A. and Barrett, C. and Bolyanatz, A. and Cardenas, J. C. and Gurven, M. and Gwako, E. and Henrich, N. and Lesorogol, C. and Marlowe, F. and Tracer, D. and Ziker, J.}
}
@article {644806,
	title = {Culture, evolution and the puzzle of human cooperation},
	journal = {Cognitive Systems Research},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {220-245},
	abstract = {Synthesizing existing work from diverse disciplines, this paper introduces a culture-gene coevolutionary approach to human behavior and psychology, and applies it to the evolution of cooperation. After a general discussion of cooperation in humans, this paper summarizes Dual Inheritance Theory and shows how cultural transmission can be brought under the Darwinian umbrella in order to analyze how culture and genes coevolve and jointly influence human behavior and psychology. We then present a generally applicable mathematical characterization of the problem of cooperation. From a Dual Inheritance perspective, we review and discuss work on kinship, reciprocity, reputation, social norms, and ethnicity, and their application to solving the problem of cooperation. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.},
	keywords = {altruistic punishment, conformist transmission, cooperation, cultural transmission, culture-gene coevolution, dual inheritance theory, ethnicity, group selection, indirect reciprocity, kin selection, maya lowlands, norms, Punishment, Reciprocity, repeated prisoners-dilemma, reputation, resemblance, sizable groups, strategies},
	isbn = {1389-0417},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Henrich, N.}
}
@article {644821,
	title = {Friendship, Cliquishness, and the Emergence of Cooperation},
	journal = {Journal of Theoretical Biology},
	volume = {239},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {1-15},
	author = {Hruschka, D. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644826,
	title = {Susceptibility to the Muller-Lyer Illusion, Theory-Neutral Observation, and the Diachronic Penetrability of the Visual Input System},
	journal = {Philosophical Psychology},
	volume = {19},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {1-23},
	author = {McCauley, R. and Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644831,
	title = {Understanding Cultural Evolutionary Models: A Reply to Read{\textquoteright}s Critique},
	journal = {American Antiquity},
	volume = {71},
	year = {2006},
	author = {Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644846,
	title = {Chimpanzees are indifferent to the welfare of unrelated group members},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {437},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {1357-1359},
	author = {Silk, Joan B. and Brosnan, Sarah F. and Vonk, Jennifer and Henrich, Joseph and Povinelli, Daniel J. and Richardson, Amanda S. and Lambeth, Susan P. and Mascaro, Jenny and Shapiro, Steven J.}
}
@article {644836,
	title = {"Economic man" in cross-cultural perspective: Behavioral experiments in 15 small-scale societies},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Dataset},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {795-855},
	abstract = {
	Researchers from across the social sciences have found consistent deviations from the predictions of the canonical model of self-interest in hundreds of experiments front around the world. This research, however, cannot determine whether the uniformity results from universal patterns of human behavior or from the limited cultural variation available among the University students used in virtually all prior experimental work. To address this, we undertook a cross-cultural study of behavior in ultimatum, public goods, and dictator games in a range of small-scale societies exhibiting a wide variety of economic and cultural conditions. We found, first, that the canonical model - based on self-interest - fails in all of the societies studied. Second, our data reveal substantially more behavioral variability across social groups than has been found in previous research. Third, group-level differences in economic organization and the structure of social interactions explain a substantial portion of the behavioral variation across societies: the higher the degree of market integration and the higher the payoffs to cooperation in everyday life, the greater the level of prosociality expressed in experimental games. Fourth, the available individual-level economic and demographic variables do not consistently explain game behavior, either within or across groups. Fifth, in many cases experimental play appears to reflect the common interactional patterns of everyday life.

},
	keywords = {Altruism, childrens imitative altruism, cooperation, cross-cultural research, experimental economics, game theory, neural basis, PREFERENCES, public goods game, public-goods experiments, Punishment, self-interest, social dilemmas, tolerated theft, ultimatum game, vicarious reinforcement},
	isbn = {0140-525X},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Boyd, R. and Bowles, S. and Camerer, C. and Fehr, E. and Gintis, H. and McElreath, R. and Alvard, M. and Barr, A. and Ensminger, J. and Henrich, N. S. and Hill, K. and Gil-White, F. and Gurven, M. and Marlowe, F. W. and Patton, J. Q. and Tracer, D.}
}
@article {644841,
	title = {Models of decision-making and the coevolution of social preferences},
	journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2005},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {838-855},
	abstract = {We would like to thank the commentators for their generous comments, valuable insights and helpful suggestions. We begin this response by discussing the selfishness axiom and the importance of the preferences, beliefs, and constraints framework as away of modeling some of the proximate influences on human behavior. Next, we broaden the discussion to ultimate-level (that is evolutionary) explanations, where we review and clarify gene-culture coevolutionary theory, and then tackle the possibility that evolutionary approaches that exclude culture might be sufficient to explain the data. Finally, we consider various methodological and epistemological concerns expressed by our commentators.},
	keywords = {Altruism, Evolution, Fairness, human cooperation, indirect reciprocity, norms, public-goods experiments, Punishment, sizable groups, ultimatum game},
	isbn = {0140-525X},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Boyd, R. and Bowles, S. and Camerer, C. and Fehr, E. and Gintis, H. and McElreath, R. and Alvard, M. and Barr, A. and Ensminger, J. and Henrich, N. S. and Hill, K. and Gil-White, F. and Gurven, M. and Marlowe, F. W. and Patton, J. Q. and Tracer, D.}
}
@inbook {644851,
	title = {Comparative experimental evidence from Machiguenga, Mapuche, and American Populations},
	booktitle = {Foundations of Human Sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {125-167},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	organization = {Oxford University Press},
	address = {Oxford},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Smith, N.},
	editor = {Henrich, Joseph and Boyd, Robert and Samuel Bowles and Gintis, Herbert and Fehr, Ernst and Colin Camerer}
}
@article {644856,
	title = {Cultural group selection, coevolutionary processes and large-scale cooperation},
	journal = {Journal of Economic Behavior \& Organization},
	volume = {53},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {3-35},
	isbn = {0167-2681},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644861,
	title = {Demography and cultural evolution: how adaptive cultural processes can produce maladaptive losses: the Tasmanian case},
	journal = {American Antiquity},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {197-214},
	isbn = {0002-7316},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph}
}
@book {644866,
	title = {Foundations of Human Sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Dataset},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	organization = {Oxford University Press},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {
	Over the last decade, research in experimental economics has emphatically falsified the textbook representation of\&nbsp;Homo economicus.\&nbsp;Literally hundreds of experiments suggest that people care not only about their own material payoffs, but they also care about such things as fairness and reciprocity. However, this research left a fundamental question remain unanswered: Are these non-selfish motives a stable aspect of human nature; or, are they substantially modulated economic, social and cultural environments? Prior to this book, the available experimental research could not begin to address this question because virtually all subjects had been university students, and while there are cultural differences among student populations throughout the world, these differences are small compared to the full range of human social and cultural environments. While a vast amount of ethnographic and historical research suggests that people{\textquoteright}s motives\&nbsp;are\&nbsp;influenced by the economic, social, and cultural environments, such methods,can only yield circumstantial evidence about human motives. As the longstanding disagreements within the cultural and historical disciplines attest, many different models of human action are consistent with the ethnographic and historical record.



	In both testing the universally of previous findings, and in bridging the mythical chasm between ethnographic and experimental approaches, this volume deploys some of the principle experiments (which have been used to show non-selfish motives in university students) in combination with ethnographic data to explore the motives that underlie the diversity of human sociality. Twelve experienced field researchers performed the same experiments in fifteen small-scale societies exhibiting a wide variety of economic and cultural conditions. Our results can be summarized in five points: first, there is no society in which experimental behavior is consistent with the canonical model of rational self-interest; second there is much more variation between groups than has been previously reported; third, differences between societies in market integration and the importance of cooperation explain a substantial portion of the behavioral variation between groups; fourth, individual-level economic and demographic variables do not explain behavior within or across groups; fifth, experimental play often mirrors patterns of interaction found everyday life.

},
	url = {http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780199262045.do},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Boyd, R. and Bowles, S. and Camerer, C. and Fehr, E. and Gintis, H.}
}
@article {644871,
	title = {Inequity Aversion in Capuchins?},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {428},
	year = {2004},
	author = {Henrich, J.}
}
@inbook {644876,
	title = {Overview and Synthesis},
	booktitle = {Foundations of Human Sociality: Economic Experiments and Ethnographic Evidence from Fifteen Small-Scale Societies},
	year = {2004},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	organization = {Oxford University Press},
	address = {New York},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Boyd, R. and Samuel Bowles and Camerer, C. and Fehr, E. and Gintis, H. and McElreath, Richard},
	editor = {Henrich, J. and Boyd, R. and Samuel Bowles and Camerer, C. and Fehr, E. and Gintis, H.}
}
@inbook {644881,
	title = {The Cultural and Genetic Evolution of Human Cooperation},
	booktitle = {Genetic and Cultural Evolution of Cooperation},
	year = {2003},
	publisher = {MIT Press},
	organization = {MIT Press},
	address = {Cambridge},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Bowles, S. and Smith, E. A. and Young, H. P. and Boyd, R. and Sigmund, K. and Richerson, P. J. and Hopfensitz, A.},
	editor = {Hammerstein, Peter}
}
@inbook {644886,
	title = {The Cultural Evolution of Cooperation},
	booktitle = {Genetic and Culture Evolution of Cooperation},
	year = {2003},
	publisher = {MIT Press},
	organization = {MIT Press},
	address = {Cambridge},
	author = {Richerson, P. J. and Boyd, R. and Henrich, J.},
	editor = {Hammerstein, Peter}
}
@article {644891,
	title = {The evolution of cultural evolution},
	journal = {Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {123-135},
	isbn = {1520-6505},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and McElreath, Richard}
}
@inbook {644896,
	title = {Is Strong Reciprocity a Maladaption?},
	booktitle = {Genetic and Cultural Evolution of Cooperation},
	year = {2003},
	publisher = {MIT Press},
	organization = {MIT Press},
	address = {Cambridge},
	author = {Fehr, E. and Henrich, J.},
	editor = {Hammerstein, Peter}
}
@article {644901,
	title = {Are Peasants Risk-Averse Decision Makers?},
	journal = {Current Anthropology},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2002},
	month = {2002},
	pages = {172-181},
	author = {Henrich, J. and McElreath, R.}
}
@inbook {644906,
	title = {Decision-making, cultural transmission and adaptation in economic anthropology},
	booktitle = {Theory in Economic Anthropology},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {251-295},
	publisher = {AltaMira Press},
	organization = {AltaMira Press},
	address = {Walnut Creek, CA},
	author = {Henrich, J.},
	editor = {Ensminger, Jean}
}
@article {644911,
	title = {On Modeling Cultural Evolution: Why replicators are not necessary for cultural evolution},
	journal = {Journal of Cognition and Culture},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {87-112},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Boyd, R.}
}
@article {644916,
	title = {Reply to kuznar{\textquoteright}s comment on our "Are Peasants Risk Averse Decision-Makers"},
	journal = {Current Anthropology},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {788-789},
	author = {Henrich, J. and McElreath, R.}
}
@article {644926,
	title = {Cultural transmission and the diffusion of innovations: Adoption dynamics indicate that biased cultural transmission is the predominate force in behavioral change},
	journal = {American Anthropologist},
	volume = {103},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {992-1013},
	isbn = {1548-1433},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph}
}
@article {644936,
	title = {The evolution of prestige: Freely conferred deference as a mechanism for enhancing the benefits of cultural transmission},
	journal = {Evolution and human behavior},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {165-196},
	isbn = {1090-5138},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Gil-White, Francisco J}
}
@article {644921,
	title = {In search of Homo economicus: Behavioral experiments in 15 small-scale societies},
	journal = {American Economic Review},
	volume = {91},
	year = {2001},
	month = {May},
	pages = {73-78},
	isbn = {0002-8282},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Boyd, R. and Bowles, S. and Camerer, C. and Fehr, E. and Gintis, H. and McElreath, R.}
}
@article {644941,
	title = {On Risk Preferences and Curvilinear Utility Curves},
	journal = {Current Anthropology},
	volume = {42},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {711},
	author = {Henrich, J.}
}
@inbook {644946,
	title = {What Is the Role of Culture in Bounded Rationality?},
	booktitle = {Bounded Rationality: The Adaptive Toolbox},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {343-359},
	publisher = {MIT Press},
	organization = {MIT Press},
	address = {Cambridge, MA},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Albers, Wulf and Boyd, Robert and McCabe, Kevin and Gigerenzer, Gerd and Young, H. Peyton and Axel Ockenfels},
	editor = {Gigerenzer, Gerd and Selten, Reinhard}
}
@article {644951,
	title = {Why People Punish Defectors: Weak conformist transmission can stabilize costly enforcement of norms in cooperative dilemmas},
	journal = {Journal of Theoretical Biology},
	volume = {208},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {79-89},
	author = {Henrich, J. and Boyd, R.}
}
@article {644956,
	title = {Does Culture Matter in Economic Behavior: Ultimatum Game Bargaining Among the Machiguenga},
	journal = {American Economic Review},
	volume = {90},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {973-980},
	author = {Henrich, J.}
}
@article {644961,
	title = {The evolution of conformist transmission and the emergence of between-group differences},
	journal = {Evolution and Human Behavior},
	volume = {19},
	year = {1998},
	pages = {215-241},
	isbn = {1090-5138},
	author = {Henrich, Joseph and Boyd, Robert}
}
@article {644966,
	title = {Market Incorporation, Agricultural Change and Sustainability Among the Machiguenga Indians of the Peruvian Amazon},
	journal = {Human Ecology},
	volume = {25},
	year = {1997},
	month = {1997},
	pages = {319-51},
	author = {Henrich, J.}
}
